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g¤Swh okiBhse ftuko



                    B'N                  (1602) d f;Nh ns coKf;; peB (1561^1626) BthA nNbKfN; (1627), dh soi Ts BwfBnK
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                                         frnk “be^oki, gbN efPP ;kƒ ekbgfBesk d fybkc fusktBh fddh j, bJh ekbgfBesk
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                                         nfXBkfJetkd dh nrtkJh ehsh j. fJe :NfgnB go:iBk d fdb ftu goB yksw d n;kfXn
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                                         ftuko jB, i ;tGkte fJe dBhnk ftu nBfus j fe bkIwh og tbA pjbtkdh ns goh soK Q
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                                         ;wkXkB bJh TsodkJh BjhA j. eJh fJe mhe yke ƒ doPkD dh ef;P BjhA etb method
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                                         ologically j, bfeB fJj th okigshfBXh d og ftu ysoBke j. fJj ;Gt eoD bJh ;G eM
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                                         j ns :iBk d nB;ko dh TAwhd BjhA j. fJj wBd jJ fe eb :iBk ;Gt j (gbNK ns jo
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                                         :NfgnBf;XKsekoK dk ;Mkn j), i :iBkekoK dh :iBk j< ekbgfBesk okiBhse og tbA '
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                                         ysoBke j, fJj TgePk ns rkbK Py;hns, nikdh, nfXesk, ;fjBPhbsk, uD ns besso
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                                         dh nikdh bJh.
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                                     •   fJsjk; ;euh d Bkb sih tbA spdhbh dh fJe dBhnk ‘u, ;kwkie ekoi d fe; th eNogEh
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                                         gorokw ‘s ekbgfBesk phwkoh ;;fis j s fJ; soK d sBkt ns MNe d Bkb ;kwDk eoD bJh
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                                         wkjo ‘u fJe vkfJBk;o pBD bJh. fJj n;bh tbA gdk jJh ns fttjkoe og tbA ;Gt f;XKsK
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                                         wkvo/PB gradualism majoritarainism dh wdd d Bkb j, fi; dh spdhbh i ;EkJh ns si j, ?
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                                         Ts io ;pfXs ehsk ik ;edk j. fJj Iooh ;ukJh ƒ ;keko eoD ftu, no;s B gbN tbA '
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                                         fInkdk oD pDkJ, d og ftu nkgD :EkoEtkd ns fInkdk ;EkJh ns gbN nkdoPtkd i '
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                                         frnkB^ofjs pD oj ns nftntjkfoe tbA th fInkdk wbtkB ;kps jJh.
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                                 1H6 Ppde'P  (Keywords)
                                   1H  Poton                         L gbN dhdh
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                                   2H  Adeimantus and Glaucon        L gbN d Gok
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                                   3H   Antiphon                     L gb/N' ;''s/bk Gok
                                 1H7 ;fwfyne ;tkb  (Review Questions)
                                   1H    gb/N' d/ ihtB T[Zs/ uouk eo'.
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                                   2H    ;yg ftu gbN nkdoP oki dk ftPbPD.
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                                   3H    gbN dnkok BhnK d f;XKs dh ftnkfynk.
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                                   4H    gbN d nkdoP oki eh j<
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                                   5H    gbN d fogpfbe Ts fJe SNk BN fby.
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                                 T[¤soL Pt?^w[bKeD  (Answer: Self Assesment)
                                   1H    (i)     2H    (iii)   3H    (i)      4H    (iii)   5H    (iv)
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