Page 26 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_PUNJABI

fJekJh^2 gb/N' ;kwtkd ns/ f;Zfynk d/ f;ZXKs

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gbN, oki d ekoi pjs ;ekokswe jD bJh wBdk j. oki d fBnK ns mhe ekotkJh ƒ jrkok dD bJh
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eogo :Bk, pfXe ns Pohoe d dnkok ehsk ik ;edk j, i f;¤fynk dh ;wuh ftt;Ek ft¤u gdkB eoe /
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dP ƒ oe ;edk j. fJ; bJh gbN, f;¤fynk oki dk ;GsA wj¤stgoD ekoi j ns oki ftGkrK d ;G sA '
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wj¤stgoD f;¤fynk d ftGkr ;h. iK sK no;s iK fe; jo :BkBh ftukoe Bkb gbN tbA fInkdk
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f;¤fynk ƒ wj¤st dhsk iKdk. gfjbK wB¤yh r¤bK d fJbktk, :kBh f;¤fynk gsh wBD d og ft¤u Ssh jh
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gbN d pbK s pkjo nk iktrk. f;¤fynk dh nkgDh gDkbh dh og oyk ft¤u, gbN pikJ nkgD jh
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Pfjoh^oki, pbfe JEA; ;gkoNk tbA T;dh goBk bJh ;h. TBK ƒ JEA; ft¤u ;rmB dh ewh Bk^g;d j ?
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ns xPDk ehsh fe ;gkoNk ft¤u f;¤fynk gDkbh d og ft¤u oki dk gs¤y ns ;ys ekp jDk ukjhdk j.
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fe; th jo rohe f;fynktkdh dh sbDk ft¤u TBK dh f;¤fynk dh gDkbh nBPk;Bkswe ;h, fJj goPK ns /
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nosK dBK bJh bkr jdk ;h. ur ftuko dh f;¤fynk gkgsh ft¤u ;wkgs jJh f;¤fynk d Bkb fBnK ƒ
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pVktk dD ns fJ¤e nkdwh nkgD eos¤t ƒ gok eoD bJh ;wo¤EktkB eoD bJh frDsh ehsh rJh. fJj
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gbN B fJ; bJh nk:fis ehsk, sK fe f;¤fynk dk ekoi eoD dk wst, fJ¤e nkdwh, fJ¤e shthA ƒ
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pDkTD Bkb ;kwkie ns nkofEe og tbA bkGdkfJe ns fcN eoB bJh ehsk frnk ;h.
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nksfwe f;¤fynk dk eo; ftt;fEs ns grshPhb ;h. pugB ft¤u, fJBk frnkB dhnK r¤bK ns goPK
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dh fdPk ft¤u fJj r¤b fJ¤e wj¤stgoD dPfNeD d e¤M geko dh ysh d og ft¤u gdkB BjhA ehsk frnk
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;h. itkBh ft¤u f;¤fynk dBA, ;ohoe ns pfXe jDh ukjhdh j. fJ¤E ;rhs ft¤u nkswk ns ;oho bJh
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fiwBk;fNe bJh nkfJnk ;h. fgSb tkoh ft¤u :kBh, pkbTwo or wu, f;¤fynk fJ¤e fij ns /
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ftnt;kfJe j rJh ;h. f;¤fynk tb ftnesh ƒ nkgD iK T;d ihtB ft¤u n;bh gPk b¤GD bJh wdd
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eoDh ukjhdh j.
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TBK dhnK gsBhnK d ;kwtkd, ft¤u fJ¤e nkXfBe okPNo^oki ns ikfJdkd d ;kwtkd ft¤u nDftnkfjnk
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PkfJd jh x¤N jtrk, bfeB ;kƒ wfj;; eoDk ukjhdk j fe gbN fJ¤e nkdoP Pfjoh oki d pko ft¤u
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fby fojk ;h ns nkXfBe okiK bJh bkr wkBeK d dnkok fBnK BjhA ukjhdk j. fBnK ns fefonksfwe
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wjkos, T;dh Bkohtkd ns T;d :ifBe; T¤s TBK dk io nkgD okiBhse doPB ft¤u nBs ukjs dhnK
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ftPPsktK jB. TBK ftueko :¤r dhnK XkoBktK eJh be^oki Bkb fwb ojhnK jB. ;o Ekw; wo
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:Nfgnk nB;ko, be^oki ns ikfJdkd ns nosK dh wesh d nfXtesktK ;kwtkd ;doG pDkTAdk j.
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2H1 f;¤fynk dh E:'oh (Theory of Education)
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gbN B wfj;; ehsk j fe nkgD ;w dh f;¤fynk gDkbh ft¤u ;Xko dh Ioos ;h. Tj fJ;ƒ be^oki
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ft¤u fBoXkos f;¤XKsK d nB;ko ;Xko dh ekwBk ehsh j, sKfe BjhA etb fJ¤e f;;Nw iK eo; pdb
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fd¤sk frnk ;h, bfeB fJ¤e nkdwh (iK nos) dk dPfNeD.
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nkdoP dkoPfBe dnkok Pkf;s oki ft¤u f;¤fynk bJh fJ¤e ftnkge ns emo :iBk d wkfXnw tbA '
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;Gt pDkfJnk frnk ;h. ;kok oki dh f;¤fynk dh :iBk d nk;gk; T;koh ehsh rJh ;h, ftPtk; j fe
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ieo oki gpX ns f;¤fynk mhe tb'A Gbh^GKs d nkgD/ ew dh BwkfJP eoB, sK fJj ;cb j'trh.
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gbN B fJ;ƒ wbv ns wB¤y ojK ƒ pdbB bJh Bfse ;Xko d fJ¤e ;kXB d og ft¤u f;¤fynk bJh
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tfynk. f;¤fynk B ;kfonK d/ gsh fBL;tkoE eos¤t dk ;jh wkB inculcted ehsk ns fJ; bJh
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