Page 306 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_PUNJABI

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wkoe;, ;;dh ns gfsfBXh ;;EktK bJh ntwkBBk dh soK BwkfJP. jkbKfe, ;ftXkB ;G d dwB,
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fXrkDk Tgkn d t fPPfNngote, eh bkiawh og tbA fJe nbg ;fyne pbPfte d nrtkJh ftu eKsh
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d dbhba gok ehsk. bfBB d weshtkdh ns Majoritarin XkoDktK, 1916 ftu, nkgD ;sktkdh ns /
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;otjkok tor dh skBkPkjh, ;Gkn ftu, ;otjkok tor T¤s pbPfte gkoNh dh skBkPkjh bJh xN j '
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frnk ;h. dBK Kautsky ns oiak be;wpor (1871^1919) bfBBtkdh g:r dh wjstgoD ;B. Kautsky
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fJe syskgbN Detat ns poe ;wkitkd d og ftu nkgDh ;wkitkd d og ftu pbPfte eKsh dh ftP /
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Psk j, bJh fJj pjfrDsh Pk;B ns ;;dh besso d Bkb eJh bDk^dDk BjhA ;h. be;wpor b/fBB ns/
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b/fBB ns/ No'N;eh Kautsky nkbuBk eoD bJh sih tbA gshfeonk ftnes ehsh. bfBB dbhba j fe
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ftu ngk;fre j. TBKB ;gPN ehsk fe besso gihgsh tor bJh jh yasw eo fdsk frnk ;h. fJ;d /
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pknd, 1921 ftu, bfBB ;;fesh dk nDjAd j ns ;ukJh fJj j fe pbPfte BjhA gsk ;h fe Pk;B eoD
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bJh BthA ;oeko dh rGho ewhnK d og ftu ;theko ehsk. NoN;eh o; ftu ;wkitkd ns nkgDh
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Trotsky th fXrkDk ns BeoPkjh ;wkitkd pDkTD bJh ;NkfbB d wjstgoD j frnk, bfBB d Bkb
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BjhA. tk;st ftu, Solzhentisyn bfBBtkd dh jfsnkok cakow d og ftu Stalininsm ftPPsk j.
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12H7 oki d/ wkoe;tkdh f;XKs ftZu Inderqueacies (Inderquacies in the
Marxist Theory of the State)
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dh ewh ns wkoe; ;kok Pesh dhnK ;GktBktK d Bkb ftneshrs fyu, bfBB ns ;NkfbB ftu
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sB blanquism. ieo Stalinism bfBBtkd dh fJe Pkyk ;h, sd jh bfBBtkd wkoe;tkd tbA gfos ;h,
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bfBB bJh tko^tko T;dh gfspXsk ns wkoe;tkdh ftukoXkok ftu ftPtk; dh gPNh ehsh j. ;ftns
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;kwtkd ftu ftfesh:A wkoe; dBhnk ƒ dyD ftu ewhnK ns ngfonkgssk bJh fiawdko ofenk ik
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;edk j, ;ukJh fJj j fe wkoe; B fejk ;h fe
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fJfsjkf;e xNBktK jwPk eJh ;GktBktK bJh yb jB. jD se wkoe; ntjbBk
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