Page 185 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_HINDI

rqyukRed jktuhfr vkSj ljdkj

uksV esa fgLlk ysrk gS] muosQ dkj.k ml ij dksbZ eqdnek ugha pyk;k tk ldrkA laln&lnL; dks tks osru feyrk gS]
og dj ;k vU; dVkSfr;ka dkVdj vkSlr fczfV'k osru dk nqxquk gksrk gSA
dkWeUl lHkk dk dk;Zdky ikap o"kZ gS] ijarq mls blls igys Hkh Hkax fd;k tk ldrk gS] ;k lalnh; vfèkfu;e
(Parliamentary Act) osQ }kjk bldk dk;Zdky c<+k;k tk ldrk gSA dkWeUl lHkk vius vè;{k ;k lHkkè;{k
(Speaker) osQ vuq'kklu esa dk;Z djrh gSA bldh eq[; 'kfDr;ka vkSj d`R; bl izdkj gS%
fofèk&fuekZ.k (Legislation): dkWeUl lHkk dk eq[; dk;Z fofèk&fuekZ.k ;k dkuwu cukuk gSA lalnh; vfèkfu;e]
1911 osQ vuqlkj] èku&foèks;d (Money Bills) dkWeUl lHkk ls gh 'kq: fd, tk ldrs gSaA ogka ikfjr gksus osQ ckn
bUgsa ykMZ lHkk esa Hkstk tkrk gSA ijarq ykMZ lHkk bUgsa vfèkd&ls&vfèkd ,d eghus rd jksd ldrh gSA bl rjg
ns'k dh foÙk&O;oLFkk (Finances) ij dkWeUl lHkk dk iw.kZ fu;a=k.k gSA

lkèkkj.k foèks;d fdlh Hkh lnu ls 'kq: fd, tk ldrs gSa] ijarq vfèkdka'k egÙoiw.kZ foèks;d dkWeUl lHkk ls gh
'kq: fd, tkrs gSaA dksbZ Hkh foèks;d nksuksa lnuksa esa ikfjr gksus osQ ckn jktdh; lekuqefr (Royal Assent) osQ
fy, Hkstk tkrk gSA ;g lekuqefr feyus osQ ckn og dkuwu cu tkrk gSA lkèkkj.k foèks;d dks ykMZ lHkk vfèkd
&ls&vfèkd ,d o"kZ rd jksd ldrh gSaA 1949 osQ lalnh; vfèkfu;e osQ vuqlkj] ;fn dkWeUl lHkk fdlh lkèkkj.k
foèks;d dks ,d o"kZ dh vofèk osQ Hkhrj yxkrkj nks vfèkos'kksa esa ikfjr dj ns rks ;g dkuwu cu tk,xk] Hkys gh
ml ij ykMZ lHkk dh Lohd`fr u gksA bl rjg fofèk&fuekZ.k dh çfØ;k esa dkWeUl lHkk dh bPNk dks çeq[krk
çkIr gSA tgka rd èku&foèks;d dk lacaèk gS] ykMZ lHkk mls vfèkd&ls&vfèkd ,d eghus rd jksd ldrh gSA
;fn og mls bl vofèk esa ikfjr ugha djrh rks mls jktdh; lekuqefr osQ fy, Hkstk tk ldrk gS_ ;fn og bls
viuh fliQkfj'kksa (Recommendations) osQ lkFk ykSVk nsrh gS rks dkWeUl lHkk mUgsa ekuus ;k u ekuus osQ fy,
iwjh rjg Lora=k gSa bl rjg foÙkh; ekeyksa esa dkWeUl lHkk dh 'kfDr;ka loksZifj gSaA
èku&foèks;d (Money Bill):dkuwu cukus dk ;g çLrko ;k foèks;d ftlosQ varxZr ljdkjh [kpZ (Government
Expenditure) osQ fy, vuqeksnu vkSj vfèkdkj çkIr fd;k tkrk gSA lalnh; ç.kkyh osQ varxZr èku&foèks;d çLrqr
djus dk vfèkdkj osQoy ljdkj dk gS] vkSj bls loZçFke laln ;k foèkkueaMy osQ fupys lnu (Lower House)
esa gh çLrqr fd;k tk ldrk gSA

le; osQ lkFk dkWeUl lHkk dh dbZ 'kfDr;ka eaf=keaMy (cabinet) osQ gkFkksa esa pyh xbZ gSaA vc ;g lnu Lo;a dksbZ
dkuwu cukus esa igy ugha dj ldrkA vfèkdka'k foèks;d ljdkj Lo;a çLrqr djrh gS] vkSj lnu dh le;&lkj.kh
(Time Table) ij Hkh ljdkj dk fu;a=k.k jgrk gSA ljdkj lHkh ekeyksa dks fo'okl dk ekeyk cuk ysrh gSA vr%
fdlh Hkh ekeys ij lnu esa ;Fks"V cgqer u fey ikus ij og R;kxi=k nsus osQ fy, rS;kj jgrh gSA

ç'kklu dh fuxjkuh (Supervision of Administration): dkWeUl lHkk ljdkj osQ lkjs dke&dkt dh fuxjkuh
djrh gSA eaf=keaMy rHkh rd vius in ij cuk jg ldrk gS tc rd mls dkWeUl lHkk esa cgqer dk fo'okl
çkIr gksA vr% ljdkj dkWeUl lHkk dh d`ikn`f"V çkIr djus osQ fy, fujarj ltx vkSj ç;Ru'khy jgrh gSA
foèks;dksa ij okn&fookn osQ le; foi{k (Opposition) osQ lnL; ljdkj dh uhfr;ksa vkSj mldh dk;Z&dq'kyrk
dh rh[kh vkykspuk djrs gSaA mldk mi;qDr mÙkj nsuk lac¼ ea=kh dk nkf;Ro gSa
ç'u&dky (Question Hours) osQ nkSjku dkWeUl lHkk osQ lnL; eaf=k;ksa ls muosQ foHkxksa osQ dke&dkt osQ ckj esa
ç'u iwN ldrs gSaA mUgsa larq"V djuk eaf=k;ksa dk dÙkZO; gSa

xSj&ljdkjh lnL; lkoZtfud egÙo osQ vR;ko';d ekeyksa (Matters of Urgent Public Importance) dh ppkZ
osQ fy, lnu esa LFkxu çLrko ;k dke&jksdks çLrko (adjournmnet Motion) j[kdj ljdkj dh xyfr;ksa dk
inkZiQk'k dj ldrs gSa
foi{k osQ lnL; vuqnku&ekaxksa ij dVkSrh çLrko (Cut Motion) çLrqr djosQ ljdkjh foHkkxksa dh dVq vkykspuk dj
ldrs gSa] ;k vfo'okl çLrko (No-Confidene Motion) çLrqr djosQ ljdkj dks fxjkus dh dksf'k'k dj ldrs gSaA

180 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY