Page 194 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_HINDI

bdkbZμ8% laoSèkkfud lajpukμO;oLFkkfidk

osQ in ij fu;qfDr djuh gks] vkSj ml jkT; dk ,d ;k nksuksa lhusV lnL; (Senators) jk"Vªifr osQ vius jktuhfrd uksV
ny osQ gksa rks jk"Vªifr ,slh fu;qfDr djus ls igys ml ,d ;k nksuksa lhusV&lnL;ksa ls ijke'kZ dj ysrk gS ;fn os
çLrkfor fu;qfDr dk vuqeksnu dj nsa rks lhusV ml fu;qfDr dh iqf"V dj nsxhA blosQ foijhr] ;fn mUgsa bl ij
vkifÙk gks rks lhusV Hkh mudh iqf"V ugha djsxhA
dk;Zdkjh foHkkxksa osQ fujh{k.k esa dkaxzsl&lfefr;ksa dh Hkwfedk (Role of the Congress Committee in
the Inspection of Executive Agencies): dkaxzsl dh fofHkUu lfefr;ksa oSls rks fofèk fuekZ.k osQ dk;Z esa lgk;rk
nsus osQ fy, cukbZ tkrh gSa] ijarq vius fopkj{ks=k esa vkus okys fo"k;ksa osQ ç'kklfud foHkkxksa osQ vUos"k.k vkSj
fo'ys"k.k osQ fy, os ç'kklfud foHkkxksa ls dksbZ Hkh tkudkjh (Informations) ekax ldrh gS] ;k fooj.k (Reports)

e¡xk ldrh gSA ç'kklfud foHkkx bu lfefr;ksa dh iwNrkN (Inquires) dks cgqr xaHkhjrkiwoZd ysrs gSa] vkSj bUgsa
mi;qDr tkudkjh nsus osQ fy, lnSo rS;kj jgrs gSaA bl rjg bu lfefr;ksa osQ ekè;e ls dkaxzsl us ç'kklfud foHkkxksa
osQ dke&dkt osQ fujh{k.k dh Hkwfedk l¡Hkky yh gSA
foÙkh; fu;a=k.k (Financial Control): dkaxzsl fdlh Hkh ç'kklfud foHkkx (Agency) ;k dk;ZØe (Programme)

osQ fy, èku dh Lohd`fr nsus ls igys ;g irk yxkrh gS fd ml foHkkx ;k dk;ZØe osQ fy, fiNyh ckj tks fofu;ksx
(Appropriations) fd, x, Fks] mudk mi;ksx (Utilization) fdl&fdl rjg fd;k x;k gS\ bl çFkk osQ dkj.k
Hkh la;qDr jkT; vejhdk esa dk;Zdkjh 'kk[kk (Executive branch) ij dkaxzsl dk fu;a=k.k LFkkfir gks x;k gSA bl
çFkk dks foÙkh; fu;a=k.k dh laKk nh tkrh gSA

jk"Vªifr ij egkfHk;ksx pykus dk vfèkdkj (Right to Impeachment of the President): vejhdk dh
vè;{kh; ç.kkyh osQ varxZr jk"Vªifr vius vfLrRo osQ fy, foèkkueaMy (vFkkZr~ dkaxzsl) osQ jktuhfrd leFkZu
(Political Support) ;k fo'okl (Confidence) ij vkfJr ugha gS vr% lkekU; ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa dkaxzsl jk"Vªifr
dks vius ls ugha gVk ldrhA ijarq ;fn ml ij ns'kæksg] Hkkjh Hkz"Vkpkj] t?kU; vijkèk ;k nq"deZ dk vkjksi gks
rks ml ij egkfHk;ksx pyk;k tk ldrk gSA jk"Vªifr ij egkfHk;ksx pykus dk vfèkdkj osQoy dkaxzsl dks gSA ;g
dkjZokbZ çfrfufèk lHkk esa 'kq: gkssrh gS tgka egkfHk;ksx dh èkkjk,¡ (Articles of Impeachment) rS;kj djosQ lhusV
osQ ikl Hkst nh tkrh gS rkfd muosQ vkèkkj ij lhusV esa eqdnek pyk;k tk losQA egkfHk;ksx dh fdlh Hkh èkkjk
dks ikfjr djus osQ fy, çfrfufèk lHkk dk lkèkkj.k cgqer (Simple Majority) i;kZIr gSA egkfHk;ksx osQ fu.kZ;
osQ fy, lhusV dk nks&frgkbZ cgqer (Two-Thirs Majority) t:jh gksxkA
ledkyhu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vejhdh jk"Vªifr dh 'kfDr;ksa dk Hkkjh foLrkj gqvk gSA mUuhloh 'krkCnh osQ nkSjku ;g
lkspk tkrk Fkk fd dkaxzsl dh fo'kky 'kfDr;ksa dh rqyuk esa jk"Vªifr dh 'kfDr cgqr de gS] ijarq bDdhloha 'krkCnh
esa tc la;qDr jkT; vejhdk lSU; 'kfDr vkSj vkfFkZd le`f¼ osQ f'k[kj ij igq¡p x;k gS] vejhdh jk"Vªifr dh
'kfDr;ka Hkh mlh vuqikr ls c<+ xbZ gSaA vkt og fo'o dh lcls 'kfDr'kkyh vk;qèk'kkyk dk çèkku lsukifr gS_
ogh fo'o osQ vU; 'kfDr'kkyh jk"Vªks osQ lkFk lafèkokrkZ (Negotiation) pykrk gS_ og jk"Vª osQ lcls cM+s ç'kklfud
laxBu dk vè;{k gS_ og djksa dk çeq[k laxzkgd vkSj dkuwu dk çeq[k çoÙkZd gS_ ogh yksder dk çeq[k ç.ksrk
gSaA fo'o osQ lcls 'kfDr'kkyh ns'k osQ eq[; dk;Zdkjh osQ ukrs mldh fLFkfr lpeqp cstksM+ gSA
fLol la?kh; foèkkueaMy (The Swiss Federal Assembly)

fLol lafoèkku osQ vquPNsn 71 esa fLol foèkkue.My dh nks ekSfyd fo'ks"krkvksa dh ppkZ dh x;h gSA çFke] ;g
ifjla?k dh loksZPp lÙkk (Supremacy) dk mi;ksx djrh gS] f}rh; ;g f}&lnukRed gSA
(i) f}lnukRed & blesa la?kh; lHkk dh loksZPp 'kfÙkQ fufgr gSaA ;g fLol turk rFkk dS.Vuksa osQ vfèkdkjksa dks
NksM+dj la?k dh loksZPp 'kfÙkQ dk miHkksx djrh gSA la?kh; lHkk osQoy turk osQ vèkhu gSA turk dks NksM+dj
blosQ }kjk fufeZr fofèk ij dksbZ vkifÙk ugha dj ldrk gSA vesfjdk osQ ln`'k U;k;ikfydk dks Hkh U;kf;d leh{kk
dk vfèkdkj çkIr ugha gSA dS.Vu osQ dkuwu ls la?kh; dkuwu dh mPp fLFkfr Hkh la?kh; foèkkue.My dh loksZPp
'kfDr dk |ksrd gSA

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