Page 198 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_HINDI

bdkbZμ8% laoSèkkfud lajpukμO;oLFkkfidk

osru] HkÙks vkfn μ jk"Vªh; ifj"kn~~ osQ lnL;ksa dks ekfld osru ugha feyrk gSA bUgsa lnu dh cSBd osQ le; fliQZ uksV
70 iQSad çfrfnu HkÙkk rFkk ekxZ O;; fn;k tkrk gS tks bruk de gS fd muosQ thou&fuokZg dk lkèku ugha cu
ldrkA vr%] mUgsa fdlh nwljs oSrfud jktuhfr in ij dk;Z djuk iM+rk gSA
inkfèkdkjhμ jk"Vªh; ifj"kn~~ vius lnL;ksa esa ls gh ,d vè;{k vkSj ,d mikè;{k dk fuokZpu djrh gSA bldk
pquko çfro"kZ ,d o"kZ osQ fy, gksrk gSA ;g çfrcUèk yxk fn;k x;k gS fd dksbZ Hkh O;fÙkQ yxkrkj nks o"kks± rd
mikè;{k ugha cu ldrk vkSj tks O;fÙkQ vè;{k jg pqdk gks og vxys o"kZ osQ fy, iqu% vè;{k ;k mikè;{k ugha
fuokZfpr gks ldrkA bu çfrcUèkksa dk mís'; ;g gS fd ;s in fdlh ,d O;fÙkQ fdlh jktuhfrd ny] fdlh ,d
dSaVu] fdlh ,d Hkk"kk&Hkk"kh vFkok èkkfeZd leqnk; osQ ,dkfèkdkj u cu tk;¡A vè;{k dks dksbZ foèks"kkfèkdkj çkIr
ugha gSA budh 'kfÙkQ;k¡ lkekU; gSaA lnu esa vuq'kklu cuk;s j[kus dk nkf;Ro mlh ij gSA tc lnu esa fuokZpu
gksrk gS rc vè;{k vU; lnL;ksa osQ leku gh ernku djrk gSA
nksuksa lnuksa esa lEcUèk% leku lnuμ çksñ LVªkax us dgk fdμ ¶fLol dk;Zikfydk dh rjg fLol foèkkuikfydk
Hkh vf}rh; gSA fo'o esa ;gh foèkkuikfydk gS ftlosQ mPp lnu vkSj fuEu lnu esa dksbZ vUrj ugha gSA¸
lafoèkku }kjk la?kh; lHkk osQ nksuksa lnuksa dks leku fLFkfr çnku dh x;h gSA vesfjdk dh flusV dks NksM+dj fo'o
osQ vU; ns'kksa osQ f}rh; lnu f}rh; Js.kh osQ (Secondary) ;k vèkhuLFk (Subordinate) lnu gSaA ijUrq] fLoV~tjySaM
esa jkT;&ifj"kn~~ iw.kZr% jk"Vªh; ifj"kn~~ osQ leku gSA dksbZ foèks;d ;gk¡ rd fd foÙkh; foèks;d Hkh] fdlh lnu esa
çsf"kr fd;k tk ldrk gSA dksbZ Hkh foèks;d rcrd dkuwu ugha cu ldrk tcrd nksuksa lnuksa }kjk ikfjr u gks
tk;A ;fn ,d lnu nwljs lnu }kjk ikfjr foèks;d dks Lohdkj u djsa ;k mlesa bl çdkj dk la'kksèku djs tks
igys lnu dks Lohdkj u gks rks ,slh n'kk esa foèks;d dks ,d ls nwljs lnu esa iqufoZpkj osQ fy, Hkstk tk;xkA
;fn fdlh çdkj le>kSrk u gks losQ rks nksuksa lnuksa osQ lnL;ksa }kjk xfBr ,d eè;LFk lfefr (Arbitration
Committee) dh fu;qfÙkQ dh tkrh gSA ;fn og eè;LFk lfefr Hkh dksbZ le>kSrk dj ldus esa vleFkZ jgrh gS
rks foèks;d jí gks tkrk gS ysfdu tSlk fd áwcj us dgk gS] ¶çk;% loZnk dksbZ ekxZ fey tkrk gS vkSj mi;qZÙkQ
eè;LFkrk dh O;oLFkk dh vko';drk ugha gksrh gSA¸ foèks;d osQ lEcUèk esa rhu ckrsa mYys[kuh; gSaA çFke Hkkjr]
baxySaM] Úkal vkfn ns'kksa osQ f}rh; lnuksa dks fliQZ dqN fnuksa rd foèks;d ikfjr gksus esa nsj yxkus dh 'kfÙkQ çkIr
gS tcfd fLoV~tjySaM esa iw.kZ lekurk dh fLFkfr gSA f}rh; vU; ns'kksa esa] vesfjdk dks NksM+dj nksuksa lnuksa esa erHksr
gksus ij vUrr% fuEu lnu dh gh fot; gksrh gS] ysfdu fLoV~tjySaM esa nksuksa lnuksa dk leku cksyckyk jgrk gSA
lnuksa esa erHksn gksus ij fLoV~tjySaM esa vesfjdk osQ leku eè;LFk lfefr (Arbitration Committee) dk lgkjk
fy;k tkrk gS tcfd Hkkjr esa nksuksa lnuksa osQ la;qÙkQ vfèkos'ku (Joint Session) vkSj fczVsu esa yksdlHkk }kjk ,d
o"kZ osQ vUnj yxkrkj nks vfèkos'kuksa esa ikfjr djus dh fofèk dks viuk;k x;k gSA r`rh;] fLV~tjySaM esa foÙkh;
foèks;d osQ lacaèk esa nksuksa lnu dks ,d leku vfèkdkj çkIr gS] ysfdu vU; ns'kksa esa foÙk ij vfUre fu;U=k.k
fuEu lnuksa dk gSA dk;Zdkfj.kh ij fu;U=k.k Hkh nksuksa lnuksa dk leku gSA la?kh; ifj"kn~~ osQ lnL; nksuksa lnuksa esa
mifLFkr jgrs gS vkSj ç'uksa dk mÙkj nsrs gSaA vU; çtkrkaf=kd ns'kksa esa dk;Zdkfj.kh ij fu;U=k.k dh vfUre vkSj
okLrfod 'kfÙkQ fuEu lnuksa dks gh çkIr gSA bl çdkj] gj {ks=k esa nksuksa lnuksa dh 'kfÙkQ ,d leku gS] nksuksa dk
egÙo ,d leku gSA ;fn nksuks esa dqN vUrj gS rks os ux.; gSA
?kVrk çHkko& vkèkqfud dky esa ,d u;h laoSèkkfud ço`fÙk n`f"Vxkspj gks jgh gSμ jkT;&ifj"kn~~] jk"Vªh; ifj"kn~
osQ leku vfèkdkj j[krs gq, Hkh de egÙoiw.kZ gks x;h gS vkSj gksrh tk jgh gSA blosQ èkhjs&èkhjs de gksrs la?kh;
ifj"kn~~ osQ lnL;ksa dk pquk tkuk] dqN lnL;ksa dk vçR;{k jhfr ls fuokZpu rFkk lnL;ksa dk tula[;k osQ vuqikr
esa çfrfufèkRo u djukA nwljh vksj] jk"Vªh; ifj"kn~~ loZlkèkkj.k dk çfrfufèkRo djrh gSA iQyLo:i] mldh çfr"Bk
vfèkd gS vkSj leLr jktuhfrd fØ;kdykiksa osQ osQUæ LFky gSA blh dkj.k çfrHkk'kkyh rFkk vuqHkoh O;fÙkQ jk"Vªh;
ifj"kn~~ dh lnL;rk dks Js"Brj le>rs gSaA ykWosy osQ vuqlkj Hkh jkT;&ifj"kn~~ osQ ?kfV;k çHkko dk ,d dkj.k gS
fd mlesa jk"Vªh; ifj"kn~ dh vis{kk jktuhfrd usrk de feyrs gSaA fiQj Hkh] bruk Li"V gS fd fLol jkT;&ifj"kn~~

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