Page 289 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_PUNJABI

s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko Javeed Ahmad Bhat, Lovely Professional University
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
BØN
fJekJh–13L okiBhfse db
fJekJh–13L okiBhfse db
fJekJh–13L okiBhfse db
fJekJh–13L okiBhfse db (Political Parties)
fJekJh–13L okiBhfse db
ftP/ t;s{
ftP/ t;s{ftP/ t;s{ (Contents)
ftP/ t;s{ftP/ t;s{
T[d/P (Objectives)
ikDekoh (Introduction)
13H1 okiBhfse db L noE, gfoGkPk ns/ wj~st (Political Party : Meaning, Definition
and Importance)
13H2 :{He/H, :{Hn?;HJ/H ns/ cqK; ftu okiBhfse db (Political Parties in UK, USA and
France)
13H3 uhB ftu efwT[fB;N gkoNh dh G{fwek (Role of Communist Party in China)
13H4 :{Hn?;HJ/H, :{He/H, ns/ cqK; ftu fjs ;w{j (Interests groups in USA, UK and France)
13H5 ;ko nzP (Summary)
13H6 Ppde'P (Keywords)
13H7 nfGnk;–gqPB (Review Questions)
13H8 ;zdoG g[;seK (Further Readings)

T[d/P
T[d/P
T[d/P
T[d/P (Objectives)
T[d/P
fJ; fJekJh d/ nfXn?B sØA pknd ftfdnkoEh :Ør jØDr/L
• okiBhfse db d/ noE, gfoGkPk ns/ wj~st Bz{ ;wMD ftul
• :{He/H, :{Hn?;HJ/H ns/ cqK; ftu okihBhfse dbK dh ;fEsh ns/ uhB ftu efwT[fB;N gkoNh dh G{fwek
dk ftt/uB eoB ftu.
• :{He/H, :{Hn?;HJ/H ns/ cqK; ftu fjzd ;w{jK dh ftnkfynk eoB ftu.

ikDekoh
ikDekoh
ikDekoh (Introduction)
ikDekoh
ikDekoh
okiBhfse db gqikszso dh nkXkofPbk j?. d'tK ftu nfsnzs r{V/ ;zpzX jB. dbK d/ fpBk gqikszso ihts
BjhA ofj ;edk j?. T[BQK Bz{ “gqikszso dk gqkD” fejk iKdk j?. T[j Pk;B ftnt;Ek d/ fJe ftfGzB nzr
j?. T[BQK Bz{ ;oeko dk ‘u"Ek nzr’ (Fourth organ of the Government) fejk frnk j?. okiBhfse dbK
d/ fpBK b'eszso ;zGt BjhA j' ;edk. fJ; bJh b'esKsfoe Pk;B Bz{ dbhJ/ Pk;B (Party Government)
fejk frnk j?. gqshfBXh gqikszso d/ ftek; Bkb dbK dh io{os pj[s fInkdk tX rJh j?. gqshfBXhnK
dh u'D iBsk eodh j?. go id se okiBhfse db BjhA j'J/rk sd se iBsk fJj BjhA ;wM gkJ/rh fe
T[j fe; Bz{ nkgDk gqshfBXh u[D/ ns/ fe; Bz{ BjhA. T[j nkgD/ db d/ T[whdtko Bz{ u'D ftu yVk eo iBsk
Bz{ fJj w"ek fdzd/ jB fe T[j nkgDk :'r gqshfBXh u[DB. okiBhfse db BjhA oj/ sK wsdksk nkgDk ws
fpBk ;'u–ftuko d/ fe;/ Bz{ th d/ d/Dr/. fJ; bJh ckJhBo B/ fejk j? fe okiBhsh db nw{os wsdksktK
Bz{ w{os o{g fdzd/ jB. T[;/ d/ PpdK ftu, dbK d/ fpBk wsdksk iK s/ Bg[z;e j' ikDr/ iK ftBkPekoh,
i' nfijhnK n;zGt BhshnK dk nB[rwB eoDr/ fi; Bkb okiBhshe :zso ysw j' ikDr/. bkt/b d/
eEBkB[;ko fe;/ wjkB okPNo ftu ;zg{oB iBsk d[nkok ;oeko dh XkoDk fB;zd/j fJe wBxVs ebgBk
j?, feT[Afe fiE/ wskfXeko ft;fsqs j?, T[E/ dbK dk n;fsst fBPfus j? ns/ fBnzsoD tk;sfte o{g
ftu T[; db d/ jZEK ftu j'J/rk fi;dk pj[ws j'J/rk.“fJ; f;bf;b/ ftu okiBhfse dbK dk w[~y ekoi

284 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY