Page 290 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_PUNJABI

fJekJh^13L okiBhfse db
fJekJh^13L okiBhfse db
fJekJh^13L okiBhfse db
fJekJh^13L okiBhfse db
fJekJh^13L okiBhfse db
fBotkue wzvb B{z gqGkfts eoBk, fBotkuB ftu T[whdtko yVk eoBk, nkgD/ T[d/PK ns/ g'qrokwK dk gquko BØN
eoBk ns/ fBotkuB ftu fiZs e/ ;oeko dk fBowkD eoBk j?.” fJ; gqeko i/eo okiBhfse db ;zrfms
Bk j't/ sK gqshfBXhw{be ;oeko dk ubDK efmB j' ikJ/rk. fJ; bJh okiBhsh dbK Bz{ ‘nfdqP ;oeko’
(Invisible Government) fejk frnk j?/.w?ekJhto d/ PpdK ftu, “okiBhfse dbK d/ nGkt ftu Bk sK
f;XKsK dh ;zrfms nfGftnesh jh j' ;edh j? ns/ Bk BhshnK dk T[fus ftek; jh ns/ Bk fBnzfsqs o{g
Bkb okPNoh u'D d/ t?XkfBe T[gkfJnk iK wkB:'r ;z;EktK dk ;jkok jh fbnk ik ;edk j? fi;d/ d[nkok
okiBhfsr nkgDh Pesh Bz{ pDkJ/ oyD iK gqkgs eoB dk isB eod/ jB.” fJ; gqeko gzikszso Bz{
ftntjkfoe pDkT[D d/ bJh okiBhfse dbK dk n;fsst pj[s io{oh j?.

13H1
13H1
13H1 okiBhfse dbL noE, gfoGkPK ns/ wj~st
13H1 okiBhfse dbL noE, gfoGkPK ns/ wj~st okiBhfse dbL noE, gfoGkPK ns/ wj~st (Political Party :
13H1 okiBhfse dbL noE, gfoGkPK ns/ wj~st okiBhfse dbL noE, gfoGkPK ns/ wj~st
Meaning, Definition and Importance)
;kXkoD p'bukb dh GkPk ftu ftneshnK d/ fe;/ ;wz{j Bz{ i' fJe ;wkB T[d/P dh gqkgsh d/ bJh ezw eodk
j?, T[; Bz{ db efjzd/ jB. i/ T[; db dk T[d/P okiBhfse j't/ sK T[; Bz{ okiBhfse db efjzd/ jB. fJj
nkgD/ ftukoK dk gquko eoe/ iBsk Bz{ nkgDk nB[:kJh pDkT[Adk j? ns/ nkgD/ jh ftukoK nB[;ko ;oeko
dk fBowkD eoBk ukj[zdk j?. ;wki ftu nfij/ j'o ;zrmB th j[zd/ jBl fit/A – Xkofwe ;zrmB, ftntjkfoe
;zrmB, ikshJ/ ;zrmB, ;K;feqse ;zrmB nkfd. gozs{ fJBQK B{z okiBhfse db BjhA fejk ik ;edk j?l
feT[Afe fJBQK dk T[d/P okiBhfse BjhA j[zdk j?. fJj ;oeko dk fBowkD eoBk BjhA ukj[zd/ jB, pbfe f;oc
ftP/P tor dk fjs ukj[zd/ jB. ;' okiBhfse db dk noE BkrfoeK d/ nfij/ ;w{j Bkb j? i' ;kotifBe
gqPBK d/ ftP/ ftu ;wkB ftuko oydk j? ns/ okiBhfse fJekJh d/ o{g ftu ezw eod/ j'J/ nkgDh ebfgs
Bhsh Bz{ ft;sko d/D d/ bJh Pk;B szso Bz{ j;srs eoBk ukj[zdk j't/.

gfoGkPk–
gfoGkPk–
gfoGkPk–fJ;dh gfoGkPktK nB/e ftdtkBK B/ fd~shnK jB–
gfoGkPk–
gfoGkPk–
n?Avpoe–
n?Avpoe–“okiBhfse db T[BQK wB~[yK dk fJe ;w{j j? i' e[M fBPfus f;XKsK d/ nkXko T[s/ fiBQK Bkb
n?Avpoe–
n?Avpoe–
n?Avpoe–
T[j ;fjws jB, nkgD/ ;z:[es isBK Bkb okPNoh fjs Bz{ n~r/ tXkT[D d/ bJh ;zrms ofjzd/ jB.” fJ~E/
poe B/ fszB io{oh s~sK T[s/ i'o fdZsk j?–(e) T[d/P okPNoh fjs dk ;kXB, (y) f;XKs ns/ (r) ;zrmB
Bz{ db dh j'Ad d/ bJh io{oh wzfBnK iKdk j?.
w?e; t/po–
w?e; t/po–“okiBhfse db ;t/ZSk Bkb pDkfJnk j'fJnk T[j ;zrmB j? i' Pk;B Pesh Bz{ nkgD/ j~E ftu
w?e; t/po–
w?e; t/po–
w?e; t/po–
b?Dk ukj[zdk j? ns/ fJ; Bz{ j;srs eoB d/ bJh T[j gquko ns/ nzd'bB dk ;jkok b?Adk j?. fJ; Pk;B Pesh
Bz{ nkgD/ j~E ftu b?D d/ fg~S/ fJe T[d/P j' ;edk j? i' iK s/ beP dh gqkgsh j't/ iK ftneshrs ;tkoE
j't/ ns/ iK d't/A.
w?ekJhto–“okiBhsh db T[j ;w[dkJ/ j? fi;dk ;zrmB fe;/ ftP/P f;XKs iK Bhsh d/ ;woEB d/ bJh
w?ekJhto–
w?ekJhto–
w?ekJhto–
w?ekJhto–
j'fJnk j't/, i' ;zftXkfBe T[gkfJnk dk ;jkok b? e/ fJ; f;XKs ns/ Bhsh Bz{ ;oeko dk nkXko pDkT[D
dk isB eodk j't/.”
bheke–
bheke–
bheke–okiBhfse db ;zrms BkrfoeK d/ T[; ;w[dkJ/ Bz{ efjzd/ jB i' fJe~m/ fwb e/ fJe okiBhfse
bheke–
bheke–
fJekJh d/ o{g ftu ezw eod/ jB. T[BQK d/ ftuko ;kotifBe gqPBK T[s/ fJe' fij/ j[zd/ jB ns/ T[j fJe
nkw T[d/P dh g{osh d/ bJh wsdkB dh Pesh dk fJ;s/wkb eoe/ ;oeko T[s/ nkgDk nkfXgs: ;Ekgs
eoBk ukj[zdk j?.
frbeqkJhN–
frbeqkJhN–“okiBhfse db ftneshnK d/ T[; ;w[dkJ/ Bz{ efjzd/ jB fi;d/ w?ApoK d/ okiBhfse ftuko
frbeqkJhN–
frbeqkJhN–
frbeqkJhN–
fJe' fij/ j[zd/ jB i' fJe okiBhfse fJekJh dh soQK ezw eoe/ ;oeko Bz{ fBnzfsqs eoB dh e'fPP eod/
jB.”
r/N/b–
r/N/b–
r/N/b–
r/N/b–
r/N/b–“okiBhfse db fInkdkso ;zrms BkrfoeK dk nfijk ;w{j j? i' okiBhfse fJekJh d/ o{g ftu
ekoi eod/ jB ns/ nkgD/ wsdkB dh Pesh dk fJ;s/wkb eoe/ ;oeko Bz{ fBnzfsqs eoBk ns/ nkgDh
;wkB Bhsh dh g{osh eoBk ukj[zd/ jB.”

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