Page 114 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
BØN iksh ;zxoPK ft~u fJj s~E gqw[~y j? fe ukj/ ;zfynkswe Pesh iksh Pesh dk nkXko j?, gqzs{ ;zrmB fJ; s'A
th wj~stg{oD j?. fJ; ;zpzX ft~u iksh ft~u ;wkfie ns/ nkofEe ;fEsh tkb/ b'e wj~stg{oD G{fwek fBGkUAd/
jB. S'N/ fe;kB ns/ y/sh wId{o x~N PeshtkB j'D d/ ekoD ftP/P ;[ftXktK dh sK eh t?XkfBe nfXekoK Bz{
th gqkgs BjhA eo ;ed/ jB. nfij/ b'e eqKshekoh ;zrmBK d/ ikb ft~u c; iKd/ jB ns/ nkgD/ nfXekoK ns/ gq;fEsh
bJh ;zxoP eod/ jB. fpjko, T[Zso gqd/P ns/ nKXo gqd/P ft~u j'J/ iksh ;zxoP fJBK dk jh Bshik jB.

6H4 nzsoiksh ;zpzX (Inter-Caste Relations)
nzsoiksh ;zpzX
nzsoiksh ;zpzX
6H4
6H4 nzsoiksh ;zpzX
6H4
nzsoiksh ;zpzX
6H4
nzsoiksh ;zpzXK d/ ftPb/PD bJh ikshnK Bz{ fszB ;w{jK ft~u ftGkfis ehsk ik ;edk j?^ ;t~S (clean)
ikshnK (pqkjwD, okig{s, ekfJ;E, ikN nkfd), n;t~S (unclean) ikshnK (s/bh, X'ph, BkJh, e[wjko,
b[jko nkfd) ns/ nS{s ikshnK (Gzrh, uwko, gk;h nkfd). fJBK ikshnK ft~u ;zpzXK Bz{ uko ;soK T[Zs/
nfXn?B ehsk ik ;edk j?^ ;fjG'i ;zpzX, fttkfje ;zpzX, eko'pkoh ;zpzX ns/ ;wkfie ;zpzX. jo ;so
T[Zs/ ;zpzX gozgokrs ns/ gfotosB:'r ;zpzXK d/ o{g ft~u d/y/ ik ;ed/ jB.
;fjG'i ;zpzXK dk noE UBK ;zpzXK s'A j? i' iksh$ftnesh Bkb G'iB eoD Bkb ;zpzfXs j[zd/ jB. d?fBe
;zpzXK ft~u ftnesh nkgDh iksh d/ w?ApoK s'A jh G'iB ;theko eod/ jB. ;fjG'i d/ ;zpzXK dk gqPB e/
tb e[M ftP/P w"fenK T[Zs/ j'D tkb/ G'i s/ jh T[Zmdk j?. nfij/ w"fenK T[Zs/ nkw gqubB fJj j? fe ukj/
ftfGzB ikshnK d/ ftneshnK Bz{ nkwzsfos ehsk iKdk j?, gqzs{ T[; dk noE fJj fpbe[b th BjhA j? fe
Uj ;G fJ~em/ G'iB eoD. ;t~S ikshnK d/ w?Apo fJ~e esko ft~u p?md/ jB, id'A fe n;t~S ikshnK d/
b'e d{ih esko ft~u nb~r p?md/ jB. d'jK eskoK ft~u e[M EK S~vh ikdh j?. e/H n?;H wkE[o B/ e[M ngtkdK
Bz{ th fJzfrs ehsk j? fiBK ft~u d'jK gqeko dhnK ikshnK d/ w?Apo fJ~em/ p?md/ jB. fi; ;w/A ;t~S ikshnK
d/ w?Apo G'iB eo oj/ j'D, nS{s ikshnK d/ w?Apo UBK Bkb BjhA p?mDr/. id'A ;fjG'i dk dkfJok S'Nk
j[zdk j?, sK G'iB ;zpzX ft;fsqs j' iKd/ jB.
G'iB ;zpzXK ft~u ykDk, wfdokgkB ns/ X{wgkB Pkfwb j[zd/ jB. T[Zu iksh dk ftnesh T[; b'N/ dk gq:'r
BjhA eo/rk i' fBwB iksh d/ w?Apo B/ gq:'r ehsk j't/ iK id'A s~e T[; b'N/ Bz{ fw~Nh, oky nkfd Bkb ;kc
Bk ehsk frnk j't/. j[~ek gq:'r d/ th fB:w brGr Ujh jB i' G'iB ft~u Gkr b?D d/ ;B. d{finK Bkb
ykDk ykD d/ ;zpzX ft~u, noEks e~uk ykDk, g~ek ykDk, joh ;pIh ns/ fSbe/ tkb/ cbK bJh nb~r fBP/
X (taboos) j?. e~uk ykDk nfsnzs P[~X wzfBnk iKdk j?. fJ; bJh fJj nfs nP[~Xsk d/ :'r j[zdk j? feUAfe
fJj gkDh ns/ Bwe s'A pDdk j?. g~ek ykDk x~N nP[~X j[zdk j? feUAfe fJ; ft~u xh dk gq:'r j[zdk j?.
joh ;pIhnK ns/ cb nkfd x~N s'A x~N nP[~X j[zd/ jB. e~u/ G'iB dh ;thfeqsh fJ~esock j[zdh j? (noEks
;t~S iksh d/ w?Apo n;t~S iksh ns/ nS{s iksh d/ w?ApoK s'A G'iB BjhA b?Ad/) id'A fe g~e/ G'iB dh
;thfeqsh d' sock j[zdh j?. fJ; gqeko G'iB ;zpzXh ;zpzX d' r~bK T[Zs/ fBoGo eod/ jB^ (i) d/D tkb/ ns/
b?D tkb/ dk ;z;ekfoe (ritual) ;so (ii) fd~s/ ikD tkb/ ns/ gqkgs G'iB dh ;z;ekfoe P[~Xsk dk gqeko.
e/H n?;H wkE[o B/ nkgD/ nfXn?B ft~u i' fe UBK B/ ftftX ikshnK tkb/ fgzv T[Zs/ ehsk, ikshnK Bz{ gzi ;w{jK
ft~u ftGkfis ehsk ;h. ;w{j fJ~e, d' ns/ fszB ft~u ;t~S ikshnK Bz{ Pkfwb ehsk frnk ;h, ;w{j uko ft~u n;t~S
ikshnK Bz{ ns/ ;w{j gzi ft~u nS{s ikshnK Bz{. fBwB fu~so gzi ;w{jK ft~u ;fjG'i ;zpzXK Bz{ do;kUAdk j?^
fu~so 1
fu~so 1
fu~so 1
fu~so 1
fu~so 1
e/H n?;H wkE[o d[nkok nfXn?B ehs/ rJ/ ftftX ikshnK tkb/ fgzv d/ gzi ;w{jK ft~u ;t~S ns/
n;t~S ikshnK dh ;zouBk ns/ ;fjG'ih ;zpzX
;w{j I^pqkjwD
okig{s ;w{j II pBhnk BkJh ;w{j III b[jko
(B'A ikshnK) gzi ikshnK
i'rh ;w{j IV uwko ;w{j IV Gzrh
(B'A ikshnK) uko ikshnK

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