Page 109 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

fJekJh^6L Gkos ft~u iksh ftt;Ek
fJekJh^6L Gkos ft~u iksh ftt;Ek
fJekJh^6L Gkos ft~u iksh ftt;Ek
fJekJh^6L Gkos ft~u iksh ftt;Ek
fJekJh^6L Gkos ft~u iksh ftt;Ek
jBL (1) iksh dk ;zouBkswe gfjb{ fJ; ;soheoD dk fJ~e nkw f;XKs ;theko eoD Bkb ;wM ;ed/ BØN
jKl ns/ (2) iksh dh ;z;feqfse ftt;Ek Bz{ fJ; ngft~sosk^gft~sosk ns/ ;'gkB dhnK XkoDktK, nbrkt
ns/ ;fwPNsk d/ ;zdoG ft~u ;wMd/ jK. ;zouBkswe fdqPNhe'D dk noE j? fe ;soheoD fJ~e ;kotG"few
tk;sftesk j?. fJ; bJh iksh fJ; tk;sftesk dk fJ~e gfjb{ j?. ;z;feqfse fdqPNhe'D d/ nB[;ko, iksh
fJ~e ftfPPN gfoxNBk j? ns/ fJj ftP/P eo e/ Gkos ft~u gkJh iKdh j?.
e[M ftdtkB iksh Bz{ ;wkfie ;soheoD dh fJ~e “pzd ftt;Ek” ;wMd/ jB. gqzs{ j'o ftdtkB iksh Bz{ “pzd”
ns/ “y[~bk” d't/A wzBd/ jB. pzd ftt;Ek d/ o{g ft~u iksh dh gqfeqsh “;kt:th” j?, noEks ftfGzB ikshnK
;wkfie^;z;feqfse ns/ nkofEe Io{osK Bz{ g{ok eoD bJh fJ~e d{i/ T[Zs/ fBoGo ofjzdhnK jB. “y[~bh” ftt;Ek
d/ o{g ft~u iksh dh gqfeqsh yzfvs j?, noEks ftfGzB ikshnK fJ~e d{i/ s'A e[M ;[szso ofjzdhnK jB feUAfe Gkos
ft~u “ftG/dhfeqs ;zouBktK” dk T[d/ j'fJnk j?. fJBK ftPb/PDkswe nzsoK d/ ekoD th iksh dh fJ~e nkw
gfoGkPk pDkUD ft~u o[ektN nkUAdh j?. fJBK wsK s'A fJj sK ;gPN j[zdk j? fe iksh e[M noEK ft~u ;soheoD
dhnK j'o ftt;EktK d/ ;wkB j?, id'A fe e[M j'o ;zdoGK ft~u iksh fpbe[b nB[~mh ftt;Ek j?.
n;b ft~u, iksh fJ~e pj[s buhbh ftt;Ek BjhA j?, gqzs{ fJfsjk; s'A gsk ubdk j? fe gqkuhB ekb s'A n~i s~e “iksh
rshPhbsk nzd'bB” j[zd/ oj/ jB. n?wH n?BH PqhfBtk; d/ nB[;ko, ;z;feqsfeoD dh gqfeqnk d[nkok fBwB iksh d/ b'e
nkgDh ;fEsh ft~u ;[Xko eoD dh fdqPNh Bkb T[Zu ikshnK dhnK ihtB P?bhnK, Xkofwe ekoiK ns/ fttjkoK dk
nB[;oD eod/ jB. iksh ftt;Ek ft~u rshPhbsk dh nfijh gqfeqnk Bkb ;w;soh ftG/d nkJ/ jB iK PqhfBtk; d/
PpdK ft~u “;fEfse” gfotosB j'J/ jB. ;fEfse gfotosB Bkb iksh gfotofss BjhA j[zdh j?, iksh ft~u
gfotosB nkUAdk j?. “;zouBkswe” gfotosB dk noE ;wkfie ;zouBk dh ftPw;soh ftt;Ek ft~u gfotosB
s'A j?, fJj gfotosB nzs ft~u ftt;Ek dk gfotosB j[zdk j?. ;zouBkswe gfotosB ftPkb ns/ bx{ d'jK ;soK
s/ j[zdk j?, ;wkfie ftt;Ek dk “;o{g” ft~u nfXe ns/ T[; d/ “;ko” ft~u x~N j[zdk j?.
fJ~e iksh Bz{ iksh ftt;Ek d/ wkDeK d[nkok fBod/fPs j' e/ ofjDk g?Adk j?. iksh UBK gfjb{nK ft~u ;[szso
ofj ;edh j? i' fe gfotofss j' u[e/ jB ns/ UBK dh EK s/ Bt/A T[gkn b~G bJ/ rJ/ jB. fJ~e iksh,
iksh ftt;Ek Bkb pzBh j'D d/ pkti{d th nkgD/ fotkiK, ;z;feqfse ekoiK ns/ d{ihnK ikshnK s'A nkgD/
nfXekoK dh o~fynk eoD ft~u ;[szso j?. n;bhns sK fJj j? fe iksh B/ nkgD/ nkg Bz{ gqsho'XK ns/
gqshe{b gfo;fEshnK d/ Bkb Ykb fbnk j?, ns/ gozgokswe ekoiK iK wkDeK dh EK s/ Bt/A T[gkn b~G
bJ/ jB. n~i th fJ~e fgzv ft~u ofjD tkbhnK ftfGzB ikshnK ;wkfie w"fenK ns/ y/sh feqnktK ft~u fJ~e
fBPfus gqeko d/ nkg;h ;fj:'r dh T[whd o~ydhnK jB.
fJj efjDk th Gqkwe j? fe ikshnK Io{o jh fJ~e d{i/ Bkb ;fj:'r eodhnK juB. nfto'X ns/ ;'gkB
d't/A jh fB:w gqshrgs e'NhnK jB. n;bhns ft~u ftfGzB ikshnK d/ ft~u ntj/bDk ns/ ;zxoP iK fjsK
dk Neokt nkw r~b j?. fJj ws fe iksh dk noE ;fj:'r s'A j? ns/ gqsh:'frsk (iK ;zxoP) torK Bkb
i[Vh j'Jh j?^;fji ns/ ntk;sfte j?. i/eo fJj ;~u j? fe T[Zu ikshnK nkgD/ gqG[~st Bz{ pDk e/ o~yD
bJh fBwB ikshnK Bz{ ;zo~fynD d/D bJh fJ~e d{i/ Bkb gqsh:'frsk eodhnK jB sK fJj th ;jh j? fe
fBwB ikshnK gqG{ ikshnK s'A ;woEB gqkgs eoD bJh fJ~e d{i/ Bkb gqsh:'frsk eodhnK jB. fJ~e gqG{
iksh ;zfynkswe pj[bsk G{^;tkfw~st, T[Zu ;z;ekfoe gq;fEsh, ;wkfie ns/ okiBhfse ;zgoeK d/ nkXko
s/ gfoGkfPs ehsh ik ;edh j?. fJ~e fBPfus ;w/A T[Zs/ fJ~e ftfPPN iksh dk gqG[~st fJ~e iK fJBK r[DK
d/ fwPoD d/ nkXko T[Zs/ fBoXkfos ehsk ik ;edk j?.
fi; gqsh:'frsk dk n;hA T[b/y ehsk j? Uj e'Jh BthA r~b BjhA j?. gqkuhB ns/ w~XekbhB Gkos ft~u
pqkjwDK ns/ y~sohnK ftueko fJ~e y/so d/ T[Zgo nfXeko gqkgs eoD bJh MrV/ brksko j[zd/ ofjzd/ ;B.
nzsoiksh ;zxoPK s'A fJbktk, fBwB ikshnK T[Zu ikshnK d/ fto[~X pokpo ftdo'j eodhnK ojhnK jB,
ns/ fJj s~E iksh dh fJfsjkf;esk dk nzr pD u[ek j?.

6H2H5 fjzd{nK s'A fJbktk j'o ;w[dktK ft~u iksh
6H2H5 fjzd{nK s'A fJbktk j'o ;w[dktK ft~u iksh
6H2H5 fjzd{nK s'A fJbktk j'o ;w[dktK ft~u iksh
6H2H5 fjzd{nK s'A fJbktk j'o ;w[dktK ft~u iksh
6H2H5 fjzd{nK s'A fJbktk j'o ;w[dktK ft~u iksh
n;hA fJ; r~b dk T[b/y eo u[e/ jK fe iksh g{oh soK fjzd{ ;z;Ek j?, gqzs{ e[M nfXn?BK s'A gsk ubdk j?
fe w[;bwkBK, f;~yK ns/ Jh;kJhnK ft~u th ikshnK gkJhnK iKdhnK jB. ;[szsosk s'A gfjbK iBrDBk

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