Page 108 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
BØN r?ojkfIo fojk j?. fJ~e ftfPPN g/Av{ iK Broh ;zdoG ft~u iksh Bz{ fJ~e nB[Gkfte n;fbns d/ o{g ft~u
b~fGnk ik ;edk j?. fJBK ;zdoGK ft~u iksh fJ~e ftP/P gq;fEsh ;w{j d/ o{g ft~u fdykJh fdzdh j?. gqzs{
ftPkb ;so T[Zs/ iksh J/ekswesk dk fJ~e ;kXB j?. ftPkb ;so T[Zs/ iksh nD^nDn"gukfoe ns/ d?fBe
;zpzXK dh fJ~e ekoiekoh n;fbns BjhA j?.

T[dkjoD bJh, fJ~e sfwb pqkjwD ns/ T[Zso gqd/P d/ fJ~e ekBe[pI pqkjwD d/ ft~u fJ; ftPkb ;so T[Zs/
iksh ftnkj dk nkXko BjhA j[zdh. gqzs{ fco th fJ~e sfwb ns/ fJ~e ekBe[pI pqkjwD ft~u fJ~e jh ;wkfie
tzP j'D dh GktBk gkJh ik ;edh j?, ns/ nkw fjsK bJh ftP/P eo e/ ;zeN dhnK ;fEshnK ft~u, Uj
;fj:'r th eod/ jB.
d{ik gqPB fJj j? fe eh iksh fJ~e fjs ;w{j j?< Io{o jh iksh wB'ftfrnkfBe ns/ ;wkfie ;zdoGK ft~u
fJ~e “;z;kXB” j?. gqzs{ iksh dh ;z;kXBsk iksh dh Pq/Dh T[Zs/ fBoGo eodh j?, ns/ iksh dh Pq/Dh Bz{ fe;/
y/so iK T[gy/so Bz{ fXnkB ft~u o~y e/ jh ;wMDk Io{oh j?. fJ~e iksh d/ w?Apo nkofEe, ;wkfie ns/
okiBhfse fjsK Bz{ ftfGzB ;soK T[Zs/ gqrN eod/ jB.
6H2H3 Gkosh ;wki dk iksh wkvb
6H2H3 Gkosh ;wki dk iksh wkvb
6H2H3 Gkosh ;wki dk iksh wkvb
6H2H3 Gkosh ;wki dk iksh wkvb
6H2H3 Gkosh ;wki dk iksh wkvb
fit/A fe n;hA gfjbK ;ze/s d/ u[e/ jK fe b[Jh fvT{w' Gkosh ;wki Bz{ fJ~e “iksh ;wki” d/ o{g ft~u wzBd/
jB. fJ; gqeko “iksh” skofee nkXko T[Zs/ “tor” ftt;Ek d/ T[bN j?. nKdo/ p/s/Jh B/ Gkosh ;wki
d/ iksh wkvb dhnK fBwB w[~y ftP/PsktK d~;hnK jB^
1H fJj wkvb ;wki d/ e[M nB[GkrK d/ ftukoK iK UBK d[nkok gqrN ehs/ ftukoK T[Zs/ nkXkfos j?, Bk
fe b'eK d/ ntb'fes fttjko T[Zs/. “nkdoP” ns/ “tk;sfte” d/ ft~u ;dk nzso gkfJnk iKdk
j?.
2H Xow rqzEK ft~u tofDs iksh Bz{ fJ; wkvb ft~u fJ~e gqeko dk gqkoEfwe ns/ ;kotG"fwe wj~st
fd~sk frnk j?, gqzs{ s~E sK fJj j? fe iksh pj[s pdb u[eh j? ns/ gfotosB gfo;fEshnK ft~u
iksh B/ Bt/A nk:kw ns/ G{fwektK rqfjD eo bJhnK jB.

3H ;zg{oD iksh ftt;Ek e[M fBPfus f;XKsK iK “y/b d/ fB:wK” s'A Pkf;s j[zdh j?.
4H nfijk ;wfMnk iKdk j? fe ftfGzB ikshnK ekoi g{ok eodhnK jB ns/ UBK d/ nkg;h ;zpzX
“nfto'Xkswe” jB. fJ~E/ noE iiwkBh ftt;Ek s'A j?, fi; d/ nzsors tzPkB[rs nkXko T[Zs/
ftfGzB ikshnK d/ w?ApoK Bz{ fBPfus ekoi g{o/ eoD dh fIzw/dkoh fd~sh iKdh j?.
p/s/Jh dk ws j? fe fJj wkvb fJ~e ftnkge :'iBk d/ o{g ft~u fe;/ ;wki d/ ftfPPN r[DK dk p'X eokUD
ft~u ;jkfJe BjhA j?. d{ih r~b fJj j? fe wkvb nkgD/ ftfPPN ;o{g ft~u nkofEe ns/ okiBhfse ihtB
dhnK w[~y ftP/PsktK dh ftnkfynk BjhA eodk j?. fJ; bJh fJj wkvb ftukoK ns/ w[~bK Bkb jh w[~y o{g
ft~u i[fVnk j'fJnk j?. fJ; dh T[g:'frsk Xkofwe nt;EktK dh ftt;EktK dh ftnkfynk eoD ft~u
nfXe j?. Gkosh ;wki d/ “iksh wkvb” dh wdd d[nkok “fjsK”, okiBhfse, nofEe ;w~f;nktK ns/
nzso ;w{j ;zpzXK dk nfXn?B nX{ok jh ofjzdk j?. fJ; wkvb Bz{ ngBkUD Bkb fJ~e ;z;feqfse ftt;Ek
d/ o{g ft~u iksh dk nfXn?B th ;hfws j' iKdk j?.
id'A iksh Bz{ fJ~e ;z;feqfse iK ftukoe ftt;Ek wzBd/ jB, sK iksh d/ ;zouBkswe gfjb{ T[Zs/ T[fus
fXnkB BjhA fd~sk iKdk. fBwB ns/ T[Zu ikshnK, G{;tkwh, G{whjhD ikshnK, iiwkB ns/ ewhD ikshnK
ftueko ;zpzXK Bz{ ;wMD bJh iksh dk ;zouBkswe fdqPNhe'D Bkb nfXn?B eoBk j't/rk.;zouBkswe
gfog~y d/ nzsors T[dkjoD bJh gqG[~st ns/ nXhB;Ek, nfsfoes pus ns/ P'PD, ftP/PkfXeko ns/
tzuB ;zdoG w[~d/ j[zd/ jB. ;z;feqfse gfog~y ft~u ftukoK ns/ w[~bK T[Zs/ pb fd~sk iKdk j?, noEks
ngft~sosk^gft~sosk, ftnkj d/ fB:w ns/ nzsoiksh ;zpzXK d/ fB:w nkfd dk nfXn?B ehsk iKdk j?.
6H2H4 iksh d/ ;z;feqfse ns/ ;zouBkswe gfjb{
6H2H4 iksh d/ ;z;feqfse ns/ ;zouBkswe gfjb{
6H2H4 iksh d/ ;z;feqfse ns/ ;zouBkswe gfjb{
6H2H4 iksh d/ ;z;feqfse ns/ ;zouBkswe gfjb{
6H2H4 iksh d/ ;z;feqfse ns/ ;zouBkswe gfjb{
fBo;zd/j iksh gqEk dh pj[^nk:kwh ns/ ifNbsk d/ ekoD iksh dh fJ~e ;[fBPfus gfoGkPk d/D ft~u nB/
eK efmBkJhnK nkUAdhnK jB. n;hA gfjbK fJ; r~b dk T[b/y ehsk j? fe iksh d/ pko/ ft~u d' gqw[~y ws

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