Page 13 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
Gkos dh J/esk ns/ pj[ ;w[dkfJe ;wki j'D d/ ek|h gqwkD jB. fjzd{ Xow ns/ ftP/Peo iksh ftt;Ek d/ BØN
pko/ ft~u PqhfBtk; d/ T[go'es ws Bkb ;fjws j'Dk e'Jh Io{oh BjhA j?. fJBQK d'jK ftt;EktK dh e~NogzEsk
d/ ekoD ed/ ed/ Gkos dh J/esk \so/ ft~u g? rJh j?, ns/ fJ; s'A fJbktk ;wki d/ ewI'o torK (fi; ft~u
n"osK th Pkfwb jB) d/ dwB ns/ P'PD eoB bJh fJBQK ftt;EktK dk d[oT[g:'r ehsk frnk j?.

;[szso Gkos d/ ;zftXkB ft~u g{o/ d/P d/ bJh “ftXh dk Pk;B” dk gqktXkB ehsk frnk j?. ;G Bkrfoe
;wkB jB ns/ fJ~e jh ;~sk d/ nXhB jB. tzPkB[rs ftP/PkfXekoK dk T[Bw{bB eo fd~sk frnk j?. Xow,
GkPk, y/so, iks iK ;w[dkJ/ j[D ftP/P ;[ftXktK iK ftP/PfXekoK dk nkXko BjhA jB. T[Zu^ikshnK, torK
ns/ fBwB^ikshnK ns/ ewI'o torK d/ ft~u nzso Bz{ ysw eoB bJh nB[;{fus ikshnK, nB[;{fus
iBikshnK ns/ j'o fgSV/ torK Bz{ ftP/P ;[ftXktK fd~shnK rJhnK jB. n~i e'Jh th iks iK ;wkfie
;w{j fe;/ th gqeko dh ;wkfie n:'rsk Bkb rq;s BjhA j?. jo y/so ft~u n"osK Bz{ g[oPK d/ pokpo
nfXeko gqkgs jB. fpqfNP Pk;B d[nkok fBofws “c[~N gkU ns/ oki eo'“ dh Bhsh j[D ysw j' uZ[eh
j?. T[gfBt/Ph P'PD dk ;EkB ftek; gqfefonktK ns/ ;wsktkdh ftukoXkok B/ b? fbnk j?.
;fwq~X ;z;feqfse ftok;s, ;wsktkdhnK BhshnK, ekoieqwK ns/ “ftXh^Pk;B” d/ pkti{d ;[szsosk s'A
pknd Gkos ft~u ;ze[fus fBPmktK, ;ze[fus ;zpzX ns/ nkfd fjs tX/ jB. Gkos d/ eJh GkrK ft~u ;kBz{
ftGkie gqftoshnK fdykJh fdzdhnK jB. Gkos fJ~e nfijk d/P j?, fi; ft~u ;gPN G/d jB^T[dkjoD
bJh fJ~e S'o T[Zs/ pj[s XBh, T[Zu iksh ns/ T[Zu tor d/ b'e jB ns/ d{i/ gk;/ nfsnfXe rohp, fBwB
iksh ns/ fBwB tor d/ b'e jB. ftfGzB ikshnK, XowK, y/soK ns/ GkPktK d/ ;zpzX ;w{j g{o/ d/P ft~u
c?b/ j'J/ jB.
nbg;zfyne ;w{j th Xow, GkPk, y/so, gqEk ns/ gozgoktK d/ nkXko s/ pD/ j'J/ jB. fJ~E'A s~e fe
sEkefEs pj[ ;zfyne fjzd{ th nB/eK ;zgodktK, ikshnK, r'soK ns/ GkPkJh ;w{jK ft~u ftGkfis jB.
nkgD/ w?ApoK d/ bJh p/jso f;~fynk, o[Irko ns/ ihtB ;so gqkgs eoB dh fJ~Sk fJBQK ;w{jK ft~u gkJh
iKdh j?. fJBQK ;w{jK d/ ;G w?ApoK Bz{ ;wkB w"e/ ns/ gj[zu gqkgs BjhA j?. fJ; bJh Uj ‘ftsoe fBnK’
s'A tzfus ofjzd/ jB. ihtB ft~u fJ; gqeko d/ n;wkB nt;oK dh iV, ;wki d[nkok ;zofus n;wkBsktK
jB, ns/ fJBQK d/ ekoD sBkt, nkg;h nftPtk; ns/ e[zmk tXh j?.
nfijhnK gfo;fEshnK d/ ekoD nzdo{Bh J/esk, ;zpzX u/sBk ns/ Gkoshnsk dh GktBk Bz{ rzGho nxks
gj[zfunk j?. fJj ;w~f;nk n~i Gkos ft~u ;wkfie ;zouBK d/ ;o{g ns/ t;s{ ;fEsh ft~u skbw/b d/ nGkt
d/ ekoD pDh j'Jh j?. nkdoP ns/ tk;sfte d/ ftueko dh ykJh Bz{ ysw eoB dh pj[s Io{os j?. okPNoh
J/eheoB fJ; nzso Bz{ ysw eo e/ jh gqkgs ehsk ik ;edk j?. fi; dk n;b ft~u noE ;pb ns/ fBopb,
XBh ns/ rohp, f;~fyns ns/ nf;~fyns, T[Zu iksh^T[Zu tor ns/ fBwB iks^fBwB tor d/ ft~u d/
nzso Bz{ ysw eoB s'A j?.
“;ziksh^;w{j” dk Pkpfde noE okPNo s'A j?, ns/ “;zikshtkd” dh T[sgsh fJ;/ Ppd s'A j'Jh j?. gqzs{
“;zikshtkd” dk noE okPNohnsk Bkb BjhA i'fVnk ik ;edk. ;zikshtkd dk noE b'eK d/ fJ~e ;w{j
s'A brkfJnk iKdk j?, fi; dh gqfeqsh fJ; dh gqiksh, tzP ns/ ;z;feqsh d/ nkXko s/ fJ~e ftfPPN gqeko
dh ejh ik ;edh j?. fJ; bJh fJ~e ;ziksh ;w{j Uj ;wkfie ;w{j j?, fi; d/ w?ApoK dh fJfsjkf;esk
ns/ e[M b~SD fit/A gqiksh, iBiksh, GkPk, Xow, t/;^G{Pk ns/ ykD^gkD nkfd fJ~e' fij/ jB. fJBQK ft~u'A
e[M b~SDK d/ g[zi Bz{ fJ~e ;w{j ft~u gkJ/ ikD s/ T[; Bz{ fJ~e ;ziksh ;w{j efj ;ed/ jB. fJ; dh nB[G{sh
;w{j d/ w?ApoK ns/ j'o ;w{jK d/ w?ApoK Bz{ j'Dh Io{oh j?. gq;fEsh ns/ wkBsk Bz{ fJ~e ftfPPN ;wkfie
n;fsst d/ o{g ft~u gkUD bJh fJ; nksw^ gqfso~fynD Bz{ ;ziksh u/sBk fejk ik ;edk j?. ;zikshtkd
fJ~e ;fEo iK g{ot^fBoXkfos e'fN BjhA j?. fJ~e pj[b ;wki ft~u e[M w?ApoK d[nkok nkw, nkofEe,
okiBhfse, ;wkfie ns/ ;z;feqfse fjsK dh nfGftnesh ns/ UjBK d/ pukn Bz{ ;zikshtkd dk BK fd~sk
ik ;edk j?. fJ; soK ed/ ed/ ;zikshtkd Bz{ ;wkfie, nkofEe ns/ okiBhfse T[d/PK Bz{ gqkgs eoB bJh
i[Nkt d/ fJ~e ;kXB d/ o{g ft~u ezw ft~u fbnKdk ik ;edk j?.
;z;feqsh dk ;zpzX b'eK s'A j?, ns/ ;G b'e nkgDh ;z;feqsh Bz{ g;zd eoB/ jB. JhH phH NkJhbo d/ nB[;ko
“;z;feqsh Uj ifNb ;ot:'r j?, fi; ft~u frnkB, nk;Ek, ebk, nkukoBhsh, ftXh, gqEk ns/ j'o

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