Page 221 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ 9 % ykxrksa ,oa vkxe osQ fl¼kar

#i;s gS rFkk 6 oLrqvksa dh oqQy ykxr 180 #i;s gSA vr,o NBh oLrq dh lhekar ykxr bl izdkj fudkyh uksV
tk ldrh gSA
lhekar ykxr ¾ 180 #i;s & 135 #i;s ¾ 45 #i;s
vr,o NBh bdkbZ dh lhekar ykxr 45 #i;s gksxhA
eSdksuy osQ vuqlkj] ^^lhekar ykxr dh ifjHkk"kk oLrq dh ,d vfèkd bdkbZ dk mRiknu djus dh
vfrfjDr ykxr osQ :i esa dh tk ldrh gS** (Marginal cost may be defined as the
additional cost of producing one more unit of output.) —Mc Connell.

iQxqZlu osQ vuqlkj] ^^mRiknu esa ,d bdkbZ dh o`f¼ djus ls oqQy ykxr esa tks o`f¼ gksrh gS mls
lhekar ykxr dgrs gSaA** (Marginal cost is the addition to total cost due to the addition of
one unit of output.) —Ferguson.
oqQy ykxr esa ifjorZu mRiknu esa ifjorZu }kjk foHkkftr djosQ vFkok n bdkb;ksa dh oqQy ykxr esa ls n–1
bdkb;ksa dh oqQy ykxr dks ?kVkdj lhekar ykxr dks Kkr fd;k tk ldrk gSA bls fuEufyf[kr lw=k }kjk Li"V
fd;k tk ldrk gSμ
ΔTC Δ Δ Δ Δ ΔFC = 0
MC = ΔQ = TC – TC n–1 bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd ifjHkk"kk osQ
n
(;gk¡ MC = lhekar ykxr] TC = n ek=kk dh oqQy ykxr] vuqlkj fLFkj ykxr essa ifjorZu ugha gksrkA
n
TC = n–1 ek=kk dh oqQy ykxr] ΔTC = oqQy ykxr esa
n–1
ifjorZu rFkk ΔQ = mRiknu dh ek=kk esa ifjorZu)
lhekar ykxr vfrfjDr ykxr gS tc oLrq
;g è;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd pw¡fd fLFkj ykxr (FC) esa mRiknu
dh ,d vfèkd bdkbZ dk mRiknu fd;k
esa gksus okys ifjorZu osQ lkFk ifjorZu ugha gksrk] blfy,
tkrk gSA è;ku j[ksa fd vfrfjDr ykxr
ΔFC osQoy ifjorZu'khy ykxr (Variable
ΔQ ges'kk 'kwU; osQ cjkcj gksrh gSA blfy, iQeZ dh lhekar
Cost) gh gks ldrh gSA
ykxr ij mldh fLFkj ykxr dk izHkko ugha iM+rkA lhekar
ykxr ij oqQy ifjorZu'khy ykxr (VC) dk izHkko iM+rk gSA bldk vuqeku oqQy ifjorZu'khy ykxr esa gksus
okys ifjorZu (ΔVC) dks mRiknu dh ek=kk esa gksus okys ifjorZu (ΔQ) ls Hkkx ns dj yxk;k tk ldrk gSA
ΔTC ΔFC ΔVC ΔVC ΔFC
MC = = + = , ∴ = 0
ΔQ ΔQ ΔQ ΔQ ΔQ
lhekar ykxr dh èkkj.kk dh O;k[;k rkfydk 7 rFkk fp=k 9-8 dh lgk;rk ls dh tk ldrh gSA

rkfydk 7- lhekar ykxr (Marginal Cost)

mRiknu dh bdkbZ oqQy ykxr (#i;s) lhekar ykxr (#-)
(Unit of Output) (Total Cost) (Marginal Cost)
1 20 20 & 0 ¾ 20
2 28 28 & 20 ¾ 8
3 34 34 & 28 ¾ 6
4 38 38 & 34 ¾ 4
5 42 42 & 38 ¾ 4
6 48 48 & 42 ¾ 6
7 56 56 & 48 ¾ 8
8 72 72 & 56 ¾ 16

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