Page 404 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV fy, oqQN Hkh Hkqxrku ugha djrsA ;fn os ,slk ugha djsaxs rks ,d vksj mudks vk; dh gkfu (Revenue Loss)
gksxh vkSj nwljh vksj muosQ ykHk vfèkdre djus dh vfHkyk"kk iwjh ugha gksxhA
,slk gksus ij Hkh cktkj foiQyrk gks ldrh gSA
bl lanHkZ esa fyIlh dk dguk gS fd] ^^cktkj
cktkj iw.kZrk osQ fy, oftZrrk ,d vko';d 'krZ gS ijarq
esa fcØh osQ fy, iQeZ }kjk mRikfnr dh
i;kZIr 'krZ ugha gSA (Excludability is a necessary
tkus okyh oLrq osQ fy, oftZrrk ,d
condition for market perfection, but not a suf-
vko';d 'krZ gSA** (Excludability is a
ficient condition.) os oLrq,¡ tks oftZr gSa gks ldrk
necessary condition for a good to be
gS os izfr}a}h u gksaA (Goods which are excludable produced by a firm for sale in the
may not be rivalrous) blosQ mnkgj.k gSa vkVZ xSyfj;k¡] market. – Lipsey)
E;wft;e] ckM+ yxs ikoZQ vkfnA ,d O;fDr }kjk budk
iz;ksx vU; O;fDr;ksa }kjk blosQ iz;ksx dks oftZr ugha djrkA iz'u ;g gS fd bu oLrqvksa osQ fy, oqQ'ky
dher iz.kkyh (Efficient Pricing System) dks ge oSQls <¡w<+ ldrs gSaA viuh larqfa"V Lrj ij fuHkZj
fofHkUu iz;ksxdrkZ (Users) buosQ fy, fofHkUu dher nsus osQ fy, bPNqd gksaxsA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)
cgqfodYih; iz'u (Multiple Choice Questions)μ
----------------------
4- cktkj foiQyrk og fLFkfr gS tks oqQ'ky vk£Fkd ykxr dks ugha djrhA
(v) izkIr (c) Lohdkj (l) vLohdkj (n) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
5- lkoZtfud oLrqvksa esa xSj&o£trrk vkSj xSj&izfr}af}rk dh ikbZ tkrh gSμ
(v) deh (c) Hkkouk (l) fo'ks"krk (n) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
6- lkekU; oLrq,¡ os oLrq,¡ gSa tks o£trrk rFkk izfr}af}rk nksuksa dks djrh gSaμ

(v) izdV (c) LFkk;h (l) vizdV (n) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
7- mRiknd] mu O;fDr;ksa }kjk bu oLrqvksa osQ miHkksx dks jksd ldrs gSa tks buosQ fy, oqQN Hkh ugha
djrsμ
(v) dke (c) Hkqxrku (l) O;; (n) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
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8- ^vU; oLrq,¡* os oLrq,¡ gSa tks o£trrk dh fo'ks"krk dks rks iwjk djrh gSa ijarq izfr}af}rk dh
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dks ughaA
(v) 'krZ (c) okLrfodrk (l) fo'ks"krk (n) buesa ls dksbZ ughaA

23-3 cktkj foiQyrk osQ Ïksr osQ :i esa oftZr ijarq xSj&izfr}a}h oLrq,¡
(Excludable but Non-rivalrous Goods as a Source of Market
Failure)

bl lanHkZ esa ge ^lkekU; oLrqvksas* rFkk ^vU; oLrqvksa* osQ chp varj dj ldrs gaSA lkekU; oLrq,¡ os oLrq,¡
gSa tks oftZrrk rFkk izfr}af}rk nksukas dks izdV djrh gSaA blfy, ;s oLrq,¡ cktkj foiQyrk dk Ïksr ugha
gks ldrha] ,slk rc laHko gS tc mRiknd vkoaVukRed oqQ'kyrk dh 'krZ dks iwjk djrs gSaa] vFkkZr~ os ml fcanq
ij dk;Z djrs gSa tgk¡ AR =MC gSA
^vU; oLrq,¡* os oLrq,¡ gSa tks oftZrrk dh fo'ks"krk dks rks iwjk djrh gSa ijarq izfr}af}rk dh 'krZ dks ughaA
blfy, ;s oLrq,¡ cktkj foiQyrk dk ,d Ïksr gSaA

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