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O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar
uksV blh Hkk¡fr] lkewfgd Hkwfe osQ ekeys esa] ;g b"Vre gksxk ;fn pjkus osQ fy, ,d vkSj HksM+ esa o`f¼ dh tk,]
;fn pjkus dh ykxr (vFkkZr~ HksM+ksa dks miyCèk pkjs dh gkfu) ml nwèk ;k xks'r osQ ewY; ls de (;k cjkcj)
gS tks og HksM+ iznku djrh gS)
vr,o] CPR osQ lkekftd b"Vre 'kks"k.k@iz;ksx osQ lanHkZ esa] gesa vfrfjDr iz;ksxdrkZ (Additional
User) dh lhekar ykxr dks oqQy mRiknu esa gqbZ lhekar o`f¼ osQ ewY; osQ cjkcj gksxk (We have to
equate marginal cost of additional user with the value of the marginal addition to
total output.)
Lora=k cktkj vFkok iw.kZr;k izfr;ksxh cktkj lkekftd b"Vre lekèkku izLrqr ugha djrs (The free
markets or perfectly competitive markets do not offer socially optimal solutions.)μeNyh
idM+us dk mnkgj.k ysrs gq,] eNyh idM+us okys m|ksx esa izos'k dk fu.kZ; vFkok eNyh idM+us osQ dk;Z
esa ,d ubZ uko dk yxkuk bl ckr ij fuHkZj djrk gS fd fo'ks"k izdkj dh uko (Typical Boat) osQ eNyh
idM+us dk vkSlr ewY; D;k gS vkSj ubZ uko osQ pykus dh ykxr D;k gSA Lora=k cktkj osQ varxZr] lkewfgd
laifÙk lalkèku osQ u, iz;ksxdrkZ cktkj esa o`f¼ djrs tkrs gSa tc rd fd vafre izos'kdrkZ (Last
Entrant) dh lhekar ykxr orZeku mRikndkssa (Existing Producers) osQ vkSlr mRiknu osQ cjkcj ugha
gks tkrkA vr,o tc CPR dk vR;fèkd iz;ksx (Over-usage) gksrk gS] rc 'kks"k.k bldk ifj.kke gks tkrk
gSA
bl fLFkfr dh fp=k 23-2 }kjk O;k[;k dh xbZ gSμ
oqQy idM+@iQk¡l (Catch) dk ewY; ?kVrh nj ij rc rd c<+rk gS tc rd ON ukosa ugha yxkbZ tkrha]
blosQ ckn vfrfjDr ukoksa osQ ifj.kkeLo:i] blesa ?kVus dh izo`fÙk ikbZ tkrh gSA lkekftd b"Vre Lrj rc
izkIr gksrk gS tc OS ukoksa dks yxk;k tkrk gSA
fp=k 23-2
Total Cost:
Y Actual level with Old technology
old Technology T
Socially t
Value (in Rs.) level E E 1 E 2 T' Actual level with
optimal
Total Cost: New
technology
O V X new Technology
S K N A
Number of Boats
tc OS uko yxkbZ tkrh gS rc
T oØ dk <yku = V oØ osQ <yku
;g oSQls\ ;gk¡ iqjkuh rduhd viuk, tkus osQ dkj.k V oØ dk <yku T oØ osQ <yku osQ cjkcj gSA
bldk vFkZ ;k Hkko ;g gS fd lhekar ykHk (V-oØ osQ <yku }kjk cryk, vfrfjDr idM+@iQkal (Catch)
osQ :i esa) lhekar ykxr (T-oØ osQ <yku }kjk O;Dr ,d vfrfjDr uko osQ nkSM+kus dh ykxr osQ :i esa)
osQ cjkcj gS] vFkkZr~ OS uko yxkus ij lhekar ykHk (Marginal Benefit) = lhekar ykxr (Marginal
Cost)
400 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
