Page 286 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ,oa foÙk

uksV lsokvksa osQ O;kikj dh dkmfUly (Council for Trade in Services), ckSf¼d lEifÙk vfèkdkjksa osQ O;kikj lacaèkh
fo"k;ksa dh dkmfUly (Council for Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights—TRIPS)A
bu dkmfUlyksa dh viuh lgk;d laLFkk,a gSaA ;s dkmfUly vkSj mudh lgk;d laLFkk,a vius&vius dk;Z osQ fy,
vko';drkuqlkj viuh cSBosaQ djrh gSaA fiQj O;kikj vkSj fodkl lfefr Hkqxrku&'ks"k #dkoVksa dh lfefr] rFkk
ctV] foÙk vkSj iz'kklu lfefr Hkh gSa tks WTO le>kSrs }kjk iznÙk dk;Z] cgqi{kh; O;kikj le>kSrk] rFkk lkekU;
dkmfUly osQ crk, gq, dk;Z djrh gSaA
WTO lfpoky; (Secretariat) osQ 'kh"kZ ij MkbjsDVj tujy gksrk gSA ea=kh; lEesyu MkbjsDVj tujy dk p;u
djrk gS vkSj mlosQ vfèkdkj] dÙkZO;] lsok dh 'krs± vkSj in dh 'krs± fuèkkZfjr djrk gSA MkbjsDVj tujy dk
dk;Zdky 4 o"kZ dk gksrk gSA mlosQ fofHkUu ns'kksa ls pqus gq, 4 lgk;d gksrs gSaA
MkbjsDVj tujy] dk;kZy; osQ d£e;ksa dh fu;qfDr djrk gS vkSj muosQ dk;ks± rFkk lsok osQ fu;eksa dk fuèkkZj.k djrk
gS tks ea=kh; lEesyu }kjk fuf'pr fu;euksa (regulations) osQ vUrxZr gh gksrs gSaA
MkbjsDVj tujy ctV] foÙk vkSj iz'kklu lfefr dks ok£"kd ctV osQ vuqeku vkSj foÙkh; fooj.k nsrk gS vkSj
lkekU; dkmfUly dh vafre LohÑfr osQ fy, fliQkfj'k djrk gSA lkekU; dkmfUly nks&frgkbZ cgqer ls] ftlesa
WTO osQ vkèks ls vfèkd lnL; 'kkfey gks] ok£"kd ctV osQ vuqeku vkSj foÙkh; fooj.k dks ikfjr djrh gSA
va'knku dk vuqikr rFkk ctV lacaèkh fu;eu osQ fu;eksa vkSj ifjikfV;ksa ij vkèkkfjr gSA
WTO ,der }kjk fu.kZ; dh i¼fr dk vuqlj.k djrk gS] ftls xSV 1947 }kjk fuèkkZfjr fd;k x;k gSA tc ,der
}kjk fu.kZ; lEHko ugha gksrk] rc fopkjkèkhu iz'u dk gy ¶,d ns'k ,d oksV¸ osQ vkèkkj ij 2@3 cgqer }kjk
fd;k tkrk gSA ijUrq le>kSrksa osQ izkoèkkuksa dh O;k[;k esa erHksn vkSj fdlh lnL; osQ nkf;Roksa esa NwV dh n'kk esa
lnL;ksa dk cgqer 3@4 dk gksrk gSA rFkkfi lkekU; fu;eksa easa la'kksèku tSls MEN O;ogkj] osQoy lnL;ksa dh
loZ&lEefr ls gh fd;k tk ldrk gSA
mís'; (Objectives)

WTO osQ LFkkiu le>kSrs dh izLrkouk esa fuEu mís'; gSaμ
1- O;kikj vkSj foÙkh; iz;klksa osQ {ks=k esa blosQ lacaèk bl izdkj pyk, tk,axs ftlls jkstxkj lqfuf'pr gksuk
vkSj foLr`r okLrfod vk; vkSj izHkkoh ekax esa yxkrkj o`f¼ }kjk jgu&lgu osQ Lrj esa lqèkkj gks rFkk
oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa osQ mRiknu vkSj O;kikj dk izlkj gksA
2- fo'o osQ lkèkuksa dk b"Vre mi;ksx lrrh; (Sustainable) dh n`f"V ls djukA bldk mís'; (d) i;kZoj.k
dh j{kk vkSj laj{k.k djuk] vkSj ([k) i;kZoj.k j{kk osQ lkèkuksa dk foLrkj vk£Fkd fodkl osQ fofHkUu
Lrjksa dh vko';drkvksa vkSj leL;kvksa osQ vuq:i gksA
3- fu'p;kRed iz;Ru djuk ftlls fodkl'khy ns'k] fo'ks"kr% fuEure fodflr ns'k vius vko';drkvksa
osQ vuqlkj vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj dh o`f¼ esa viuk mfpr Hkkx ik losaQA
4- ikjLifjd vkSj ijLij ykHkdkjh O;oLFkk,a ftuosQ }kjk VSfjiQ vkSj O;kikj dh #dkoVsa rFkk varjkZ"Vªh;
O;kikj lacaèkksa esa i{kikrdkjh O;ogkj dks gVkdj bu mís';ksa dh izkfIr djukA
5- xSV esa lfEefyr] Hkwrdkyhu O;kikj mnkjhdj.k osQ ifj.kke vkSj m#xos nkSj dh lHkh cgqi{kh; O;kikj
okrkZvksa osQ iQyLo:i vfèkd LFkk;h vkSj O;ogk;Z cgqi{kh; laxfBr O;kikj iz.kkyh dks fodflr djukA
6- O;kikfjd uhfr;ksa] i;kZoj.k lacaèkh uhfr;ksa vkSj lrrh; fodkl ls lacaèk LFkkfir djukA

dk;Z (Functions)

WTO osQ fuEu dk;Z gSa%
1- ;g le>kSrs vkSj cgqi{kh; O;kikj le>kSrksa osQ dk;kZUo;u] izcaèku vkSj lapkyu dks ljy cukrk gSA

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