Page 288 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ,oa foÙk

uksV (?k) xSV 1994 dk vuqPNsn XXIVμdLVe la?kksa vkSj eqDr O;kikj {ks=kksa dk le>kSrk] ekin.M vkSj
dk;Z&fofèk;ka fuf'pr djrk gS ftlosQ }kjk og eqDr O;kikj {ks=kksa vkSj u, vFkok lao£èkr dLVe
la?kksa dk iqujkoyksdu djrk gS vkSj mldk rhljs lnL;ksa ij iM+us okys izHkkoksa dk gksrhA ;fn
vuqcafèkr lnL; cafèkr VSfjiQ dh o`f¼ osQ fy, dLVe la?k cukuk pkgsa rks ,slk le>kSrk vko';d
{kfriwjd lek;kstu dks Hkh Li"V djrk gSA
(p) vuqPNsn XXVIII dh O;k[;k dk le>kSrkμvuqPNsn XXVIII xSV dh lkjf.k;ksa dk la'kksèku ls
lacafèkr gSA tc VSfjiQ osQ caèkuksa esa ifjorZu gks ;k os gVk fn;s tk,a rks {kfriw£r dh okrkZvksa dh iz.kkyh
blosQ }kjk fuèkkZfjr dh tkrh gSA
2- Ñf"k lacaèkh le>kSrk (Agreement on Agriculture)μÑf"k lacaèkh le>kSrk ?kjsyw fClMh ls] fu;kZr
lfClMh (ftlesa lfClMh izkIr fu;kZr dh ek=kk lfEefyr gS)] U;wure ekosZQV&fo'k dh opuc¼rk] ?kjsyw
izksRlkgu] LokLF;] ouLifr vkSj [kk| lgk;d dk;ks± ls lac¼ gSA]
izFke] ;g le>kSrk xSj&VSfjiQ mik;ksa osQ LFkku ij lkèkkj.k dLVe M~;wVh yxkdj] tks èkhjs&èkhjs de gks
tk;sxh] jk"Vªh; ekosZQV dks vUrjkZ"Vªh; izfrLièkkZ osQ fy, [kksyrk gSA
nwljs] ;g ljdkjh lgk;rk dks èkhjs&èkhjs de djosQ vfr&mRiknu dks fu;af=kr djus dk iz;kl djrk gS vkSj
ifj.kkeLo:i vfrjsdksa (surpluses) dks Hkh] tks ;k rks fu;kZr lfClMh osQ ijk csps vFkok u"V fd;s tkrs gSaA
rhljs] ;g fu;kZr izfrLièkkZ ij ubZ fu;ekofy;ksa dks ykxw djus] vkSj lfClMh rFkk lfClMh izkIr fu;kZr
dh ek=kk dks de djus osQ iz;Ruksa dks Hkh izsfjr djrk gSA
(d) ?kjsyw lfClfM;ka (Domestic Subsidies)μ?kjsyw lfClMh osQ nks vax gSaμ(i) xSj&oLrq fo'ks"k
lfClfM;ka tks lHkh iQlyksa dks nh tkrh gSa] tks moZjd] ikuh] fctyh] cht vkSj Í.k osQ fy, gksrh
gSa] vkSj (ii) fo'ks"k mRikn lacaèkh lfClfM;ka tks fo'ks"k iQlyksa osQ fy, gksrh gSa] tSls Hkkjr esa oqQN
Ñf"k&mRiknksa osQ fy, U;wure lgk;d ewY;A

fdlkuksa dks nh tkus okyh lfClMh] ftls oqQy lexz lgk;rk (Total AMS) Hkh dgrs gSa] dk iw.kZ
ewY;kadu djus osQ fy, mifjfyf[kr nksuksa lfClfM;ksa dk ;ksx djuk pkfg,A fdlh o"kZ esa ;g ;ksx]
vFkkZr~ pkyw oqQy AMS (Current Total AMS), fodkl'khy ns'kksa esa ml o"kZ esa oqQy Ñf"k mRiknu
osQ ewY; osQ 10» ls vfèkd ugha gksuk pkfg,] ftls lfClMh dks de djus dh vfuok;Zrk ls eqDr
fd;k tk,A bl lfClMh dk vkx.ku ml oLrq dh varjkZ"Vªh; dher ij fd;k tk,xkA

([k) fu;kZr lfClfM;ka (Export Subsidies)μWTO lnL;ksa osQ fy, vko';d gS fd os 6 o"kZ osQ
dk;kZUo;u dky esa izR;{k fu;kZr lfClfM;ksa osQ ewY; dks de djosQ 1986&90 dh vkèkj vofèk
Lrj osQ uhps 36» ij ys tk,a vkSj lfClMh&izkIr fu;kAr dh ek=kk dks mlh vofèk osQ 21» osQA
fodkl'khy ns'kksa osQ fy, ;g dVkSfr;ka 10 o"kZ osQ dky esa] fodflr ns'kksa dh dVkSfr;ks dk 2@3 gksaxhA
U;wure fodflr ns'kksa osq fy, deh ugha dh tk;sxhA

(x) U;wure ekosZQV&izos'k opuc¼rk (Minimum Market Access Commitment)μ U;wure
ekosZQV&izos'k opuc¼rk mUgha ns'kksa ij ykxw gS tks Ñf"k lacaèkh vk;kr esa fHkUu izdkj dh #dkoVksa
dk iz;ksx djrs gSa vkSj rnuqlkj gh bu #dkoVksa dks VSfjiQ dk :i nsus] rFkk bu VSfjiQksa dks 6 o"kZ
osQ dky esa 36» de djus dks ckè; gSaA bu ns'kksa osQ fy, ;g Hkh vko';d gS fd os 6 o"kZ osQ
fy, fons'kh Ñf"k mRiknksa dh [kir dh U;wure 3» ekosZQV izos'k lqfoèkk fons'kh Ñf"k mRiknksa dks nsa
tks 6 o"kZ osQ ckn c<+dj 5» gks tk,xhA ;s 'krs± mUgha ns'kksa ij ykxw gksaxh tks vk;kr dks vfuok;Zr%
VSfjiQ osQ }kjk gh fu;af=kr djrs gSaA fodkl'khy ns'kksa esa Ñf"k mRiknksa dk VSfjiQ 10 o"kZ osQ dky esa
24» de fd;k tk,xkA U;wure&fodflr ns'kksa esa VSfjiQ esa dksbZ deh ugha dh tk,xhA

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