Page 287 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—27% fo'o O;kikj laxBu@xSV osQ dk;Z

2- ;g ukxfjd foekuu] ljdkjh [kjhnkjh] nqXèkksRikn O;kikj vkSj xksekal lacaèkh cgqi{kh; O;kikj le>kSrksa osQ uksV
dk;kZUo;u] iz'kklu vkSj ifjpkyu osQ fy, mfpr <kaps dk izcaèk djrk gSA
3- ;g lnL;ksa osQ fy, ea=khLrjh; dkUisaQl }kjk LohÑr le>kSrksa lacaèkh] cgqi{kh; O;kikj lacaèkh okrkZvksa rFkk
buosQ }kjk fd, x, fu.kZ;ksa osQ dk;kZUo;u osQ fy, ,d eap izLrqr djrk gSA
4- ;g le>kSrs osQ >xM+k&fuiVku fu;eksa rFkk izfØ;kvksa dh O;k[;k dk izcaèk&lapkyu djrk gSA
5- ;g IMF, fo'o cSad rFkk bldh lg;ksxh 'kk[kkvksa osQ eè; fo'o O;kikj osQ fy, uhfr fuèkkZj.k esa vfèkdrj
laxfr mRiUu djrk gSA

fo'o O;kikj le>kSrk
m#xos nkSj dh cgqi{kh; okrkZvksa osQ ifj.kkeksa ij vkèkkfjr WTO osQ ewyHkwr le>kSrs esa fuEu 'kkfey gSaμ

1- oLrqvksa esa O;kikj osQ cgqi{kh; le>kSrsA
2- lsokvksa esa O;kikj dk lkekU; le>kSrk (GATS)A
3- ckSf¼d lEifÙk vfèkdkjksa osQ O;kikj lacaèkh le>kSrk (TRIPS)
4- >xM+ksa osQ fuiVkus ls lacafèkr fu;eksa vkSj izfØ;kvksa dk le>kSrkA
5- cgqi{kh; O;kikj le>kSrsA

6- O;kikj uhfr iqujkoyksdu ra=kA
budk foospu uhps fd;k x;k gSA
1- oLrqvksa esa O;kikj osQ cgqi{kh; le>kSrs (Multilateral Agreements on Trade in Goods): oLrqvksa esa
O;kikj dk lkekU; le>kSrk xSV 1994 dks ifjHkkf"kr djrk gSA blesa oLrqvksa esa O;kikj lacaèkh fofHkUu igyqvksa osQ
ckjs esa lc le>kSrs 'kkfey gSaA
1- xSV 1994 (GATT 1994)μxSV 1994 esa 1 tuojh] 1995 rd (tc WTO dk tUe gqvk) la'kksfèkr
GATT 1947 'kkfey gSA blesa mfYyf[kr dkuwuh izi=kksa osQ izkoèkku] xSV 1994 dh ekjkosQ'k foKfIr vkSj
fuEu O;k[;k,a Hkh 'kkfey gSaμ
(d) vuqPNsn II (Article II) % xSV 1994 dk 1(b)μdkuwuh vfèkdkjksa vkSj vuqcUèkksa esa rFkk fdUgha
vU;'kqYdksa vkSj izHkkjksa osQ izdkj vkSj Lrj] tks fj;k;rksa dh enksa esa o£.kr cafèkr VSfjiQ okyh oLrqvksa
ij 15 vizSy] 1995 ls ykxw gS] esa ikjn£'krk ykukA
([k) xSV dk vuqPNsn XVIIμljdkjh O;kikfjd laLFkkvksa dh dk;Z&iz.kkyh esa ikjn£'krk lqfuf'pr djus
osQ fy, lnL;ksa dks ;g vko';d gS fd os ,slh laLFkkvksa dh lwpuk oLrqvksa osQ O;kikj dh lfefr
(Council for Trade inGoods) dks nsa] ftldk dk;Zdkjh ny o"kZ esa de ls de ,d ckj muosQ
dk;ks± dk iqujkoyksdu djosQ dkmfUly dks lwfpr djsA

(x) xSV osQ Hkqxrku&'ks"k osQ izkoèkkuksa ij le>kSrkμtks lnL; Hkqxrku&'ks"k osQ fy, #dkoVsa Mkyrs
gSa os mUgsa U;wure fo?kVudkjh <ax ls djsaA os dher&vkèkkfjr mik;ksa dks gh izkFkfedrk nsa tSls]
vk;kr vfèkHkkj] vk;kr tek ;k vU; mik; tks vk;kfrr oLrqvksa dh dherksa dks izHkkfor djrs
gksaA og ubZ ifjek.kkRed #dkoVksa dks ykxw djus ls Hkh nwj jgsa] vkSj ¶'kh?kzkfr'kh?kz¸ lkoZtfud :i
ls lkjf.k;ksa dh ?kks"k.kk,a djsa ftuosQ vuqlkj og Hkqxrku&'ks"k lacaèkh vk;kr&fojksèkh #dkoVksa dks nwj
djus esa iz;Ru'khy gksaxsA Hkqxrku&'ks"k vojksèkksa dh lfefr (Committee on Balance of Pay-
ments Restrictions) ijke'kks± osQ }kjk lHkh vk;kr&vojksèkh mik;ksa dk Hkqxrku&'ks"k osQ n`f"Vdks.k
ls iqujkoyksdu djrh gSA

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