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Educational Technology

Notes program should be taken care of. In the way the entertained contents are combined with classroom
teaching after preparing them mentally.
3. Teacher should develop a learning environment in the classroom in order to use hardware and
software approach. While submitting the contents, teacher should take care, if every student can
hear the voice with proper pitch. The contents displayed are clearly visible to students. For this,
appropriate arrangements should be done. Teacher should also take care of whether students are
interested or not.
4. Before using hardware and software approaches, teacher should formerly review that under what
classroom situations, which approach would be more viable, the same should be used. Unnecessarily
and forcefully, the approaches should not be used only to show. The approaches should be used
when needed.
5. Accordingly, teacher should have feedback of the approach used from time to time and he should
try to improve and to increase the effectiveness of his future teaching.

Self-Assessment
2. State whether the following statements are True or False:
(i) System analysis is termed as Education technology III.
(ii) Education technology III was developed after the Second World War.
(iii) Education technology III is the connector of Education technology I and II.
(iv) Output refers to behaviour for which the entire system was created.
(v) Teacher should develop a learning environment in the classroom in order to use hardware and
software approach.

2.8 Summary

• In hardware approach, the emphasis is given to teaching-accessories. This approach is based on
physical sciences and engineering technology.

• Marilyn Nickson (1971), educational technology deals with the application of many fields of science
to the educational needs of the individual as well as of society. According to David (1971), this
technology is necessary for teaching and training. Silverman calls it as technology in education.
• Silverman (1968) termed it as “Constructive Education Technology”.
• In the words of Anand (1996), “Software approach is different from hardware approach in such a
way that the hardware approach of educational technology uses teaching equipment while software
approach use learning materials such as programmed instruction materials and techniques and
methods of teaching strategies based on psychology of teaching strategies.
• System Analysis is termed as Educational technology III. It was developed after Second World
War, it has scientific basis for decision making that concern about the administration, management,

business and military problems. This approach is also termed as Management Technology.
• ‘’In short, this approach is the method of reaching decisions to solve problems and provides
full support in order to develop and increase the legal education and training according to new
innovations.’’

• Today, this approach is popular in the field of educational administration. By using this approach,
education, education system, educational administration and management are considered to be very
effective, moderate, less expensive and essential.

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