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bdkbZ—2% 'kSf{kd rduhdh osQ mikxe
communication, information & recreation etc. But now, we are using them in education uksV
and training system to achieve the educational objectives of our nation.”
(2) dksey f'kYi mikxe ;k 'kSf{kd rduhdh f}rh; (Software Approach or Educational
Technology II)µdksey f'kYi mikxe 'kSf{kd rduhdh osQ {ks=k esa e'khuksa osQ iz;ksx u djosQ blesa f'k{k.k
,oa vf/xe osQ euksoSKkfud fl¼kUrksa dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS ftlls fd Nk=kksa esa visf{kr ifjorZu yk;k tk
losQA bl mikxe okyh rduhfd;ksa dks vuqns'ku rduhdh (Instructional Technology),
f'k{k.k rduhdh (Teaching Technology), rFkk O;ogkj rduhdh (Behavioural Technology), dk
uke Hkh fn;k tkrk gSA blesa e'khuksa dk iz;ksx osQoy ikB~;&oLrq osQ izLrqrhdj.k dks vf/d izHkko'kkyh cukus
osQ fy, fd;k tk ldrk gSA bl rduhdh esa f'k{kk osQ input, output rFkk process rhuksa i{kksa osQ fodkl
ij cy fn;k tkrk gSA fLduj vkfn us bl mikxe okyh rduhdh dks O;kogkfjd rduhdh ij vk/kfjr ekuk
gSA vkFkZj esYVu (1959) osQ vuqlkj] ;g 'kSf{kd rduhdh] lh[kus osQ euksfoKku ij vk/kfjr gS vkSj ;g
vuqHko iznku djosQ okafNr O;ogkj ifjorZu dh izfØ;k dk 'kqHkkjEHk djrk gSA
Davis (1971) osQ vuqlkjµ
“This view of Educational Technology is closely associates with the modern principles
of programmed learning and is characterised by task analysis, writing, precise
objectives, selection of correct responses and constant evaluation.”
flYojesu (Silverman, 1968) us bls ‘Constructive Educational Technology’ dk u;k uke iznku
fd;k gSA 'kSf{kd rduhdh izFke ,oa f}rh; ijLij lEcfU/r gSa vkSj ,d&nwljs osQ iwjd dgs tkrs gSaA dBksj f'kYi
dk rkRi;Z e'khuksa ls gS tcfd dksey f'kYi lh[kus osQ rFkk f'k{k.k osQ fl¼kUrksa ls lEcfU/r gksrs gSaA lR; rks
;g gS fdµ
“It is the application of behavioural sciences or principles of psychology, sociology, and
philosophy in Education & Training Interaction of behavioural sciences with education
has generated a new concept and a new technique of programmed learning.”
cgqr ls f'k{kkfon~ bl mikxe dks gkMZos;j mikxe dh rqyuk esa vf/d egÙoiw.kZ crkrs gSa] D;ksafd gkMZos;j
mikxe rc rd vuqi;ksxh gS tc rd blesa lkWÝVos;j mikxe dk iz;ksx u fd;k tk;sA mnkgj.k osQ fy, uhps
gkMZos;j mikxe rFkk muls lEcfU/r lkWÝVos;j dks izn£'kr fd;k tk jgk gSµ
Øe la[;k dBksj f'kYi (gkMZos;j mikxe) lEcfU/r dksey f'kYi (lkWÝVos;j)
1- pkWdcksMZ (';keiV) pkWd dk dk;Z
2- vksoj gSM izkstsDVj VªkUlisjsUlht
3- LykbM izkstsDVj LykbM~l
4- oh-lh-vkj- ,oa ekWuhVj ohfM;ks izksxzke
5- dEI;wVj dEI;wVj izksxzke
6- vkWfM;ks fjdkWMZj fjdkWMsZM lkexzh
7- [kkyh dkxt fyf[kr lkexzh
(oqQekj 1996 ij vk/kfjr lkj.kh)
vkFkZj eSYVu (Arthur Melton) us Li"V fy[kk gS fd dksey f'kYi (lkWÝVos;j) mikxe dk mn~Hko fLduj
rFkk vU; O;ogkj 'kkfL=k;ksa osQ iz;klksa osQ ifj.kkeLo:i gqvk gSA ;g mikxe vf/xe osQ foKku ls lh/s
lEcfU/r gS tks vuqHko osQ vk/kj ij O;kogkfjd ifjorZuksa dks lekosf'kr djrk gSA
(3) iz.kkyh fo'ys"k.k ;k 'kSf{kd rduhdh r`rh; osQ fy, vuqPNsn 2-5 ns[ksaA
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 15
