Page 250 - DEDU403_EDUCATIONAL_TECHNOLOGY_HINDI

bdkbZ—25% vfHkØfer vf/xe@vuqns'ku

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment) uksV

1- fjDr LFkkuksa dh iw£r djsa (Fill in the blanks)%
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(i) lu~ esa flMuh ,y- iSzlh us ,d ,slh f'k{k.k e'khu dk fuekZ.k fd;k ftlosQ }kjk Nk=kksa osQ
lkeus iz'uksa dh ,d Ük`a[kyk izLrqr dh tkrh FkhA
(ii) --------- lkexzh iw.kZ&ijhf{kr rFkk oS/ gksrh gSA
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(iii) vfHkØfer vuqns'ku iz.kkyh vf/xe fl¼karksa ij vk/kfjr gSA
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(iv) vfHkØfer vf/xe rFkk vfHkØfer vuqns'ku dks f'k{kk osQ {ks=k esa ,d&nwljs dk ekuk tkrk gSA
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(v) vfHkØfer vuqns'ku ,d rduhdh gSA

25-4 vfHkØfer vuqns'ku dh ,sfrgkfld i`"BHkwfe
(Historical Background of Programmed Instruction)

vfHkØfer vuqns'ku dh ,sfrgkfld i`"BHkwfe dk lkjka'k lkj.kh osQ ekè;e ls uhps fn;k tk jgk gSµ
vfHkØfer vuqns'ku dh ,sfrgkfld i`"BHkwfeµegÙoiw.kZ ;ksxnku

'kks/drkZ (Researcher) o"kZ (Year) egÙoiw.kZ ;ksxnku (Important Contribution)
lqdjkr (Socrates) 430 B.C. js[kkxf.kr esa ekSf[kd okrkZyki izksxzke (iz'uksÙkj fof/ ij

vk/kfjr) fodflr fd;k (tks vfHkØfer vuqns'ku dk gh
,d :i FkkA)
IysVks (Plato) IysVks us ekSf[kd :i ls ,d feuks (Meno) osQ :i esa bldk
iz;ksx fd;kA
FkkSuZMkbd (Thorndike) 1912 izHkko osQ fu;e rFkk izksRlkgu dh [kkst dh] (tks ckn esa
vfHkØfer vuqns'ku esa iz;ksx fd;s x;sA)
flMuh ,y- izslh 1920 ,slh e'khuksa dk fodkl fd;k ftudk iz;ksx f'k{k.k o ijh{k.k
(Sidney L. Pressey) osQ fy, fd;k x;kA
flMuh ,y- izslh 1925 cgq fodYi inksa okys ijh{k.kksa dh Ldks¯jx rFkk ijh{k.k osQ
(Sidney L. Pressey) vU; ;kfU=kd midj.kksa dk fodklA
ch-,iQ- fLduj (B.F. Skinner) 1943 lfØ; vuqc¼ vuqfØ;k (Operant Conditioning
Theory) vf/xe fl¼kUr dk izfriknu fd;k tks vfHkØfer
vuqns'ku dh vk/kj Hkwfe cukA
ch-,iQ- fLduj (B.F. Skinner) 1945 iqucZyu dk fl¼kUr] js[kh; vfHkØe lkexzh rFkk f'k{k.k

e'khuksa dks cukukA
ch-,iQ- fLduj (B.F. Skinner) 1950 izfl¼ ys[k ^vf/xe dk foKku rFkk f'k{k.k dh dyk* dk

izdk'kuA
,u-,- ØkmMj (N.A. Crowder) 1950 'kk[kkRed (Branching) vuqns'ku dk fodkl] LozSQEcYM

(Scrambled) iqLrosaQ rFkk 'kk[kkRed f'k{k.k e'khuA
'kSiQhYM (Sheffield) 1950 Variations of branching programmes with al-
ternative sub-sequence routes.

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 243