Page 132 - DHIS204_DHIS205_INDIAN_FREEDOM_STRUGGLE_PUNJABI

Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh
Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh )
Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh
Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh0) )) )
Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh
BØN ;tkrs ehsk. fjT{w ;kfjp d/ efjD T[s/ ;zw/bB B/ wjkokDh fteN'ohnk d/ bJh fszB tko i? X[Bh ehsh
ns/ T[BQK dh dhox nk:[ bJh gqkoEBk ehsk. nkBzd p'; B/ eKro; w[yh d/ o{g ftu (1898) fJj x'PDk
ehsh, fe “f;fyns tor fJzrb?Av dk d[PwD BjhA go T[;d/ ;Bw[y tZv/ ekoi ftu T[;dk gqkfeqse ns/
Io{oh ;fj:'rh j?.” s/ fJj ;wfMnk iKdk ;h fe Gkos dh so~eh ftu o'e nzrq/Ih T[gfBt/Ptkdh Bhsh
BjhA ;r'A GkoshnK dk ;wkie ns/ nkofEe fgSVkgB ;h ns/ gqshfeqnktkdh n?Arb'–fJzvhnB B"eoPkjh
jh ;h.
fJj T[dkotkdh db nzrq/Ih ;woki d/ pD/ ofjD, s/ T[;Bz{ ;[fdqV eoB d/ gZy ftu ;h. T[BQK Bz{ vo ;h
fe nzrq/I d/ ikD T[s/ nftt;Ek c?b ikJ/rh. nzrq/Ih oki PKsh ns/ ftt;Ek dk ;{ue ;h s/ Gkos ftu
pj[s bzw/ ;w/A se fJ;dk pfDnk ofjDk gow nktZPe j?. fJ;/ GktBk Bz{ ftnes eod/ j'J/ r'yb/ B/ fejk
;h, “nzrq/I B"eoPkjh fezBh p[oh feT[A Bk j't/HHH gozs{ nZi e/tb nzrq/I jh ftt;Ek pDk e/ o~yD ftu ;cb
jB ns/ ftt;Ek d/ fpBk e'Jh soZeh ;zGt jh BjhA.” fJ; T[dkotkdh db d/ b'e tk;st ftu ftPtk;
eod/ ;B fe soZeh e/tb nzrq/Ih d/yo/y ftu jh ;zGt j? fJ; bJh fJj b'e eokT[B d/ gqsh okiGrs ;B.
fJe tko eKro; w[yh pdo{dhB s?npih B/ fejk “wjkokDh dh eo'VK goik ftu'A e'Jh j'o b'e fJzB/ okiGrs
BjhA fizB/ Gkosh f;fyns b'e.” s/ fJj b'e nzrq/Ih ;woki Bz{ PeshjhB pDkT[D Bz{ T[Xs BjhA ;B, eokT[B
d/ gqsh okiGrsh T[BQK dk okiBhfse Xow ;h. ;wekbhB eKro;h ftPtk; eod/ ;B fe nzrq/I fBnK fgqn
b'e jB ns/ T[j Gkos Bkb fBnK jh eoDr/. GkoshnK dh fPekfJsK nzrq/I B"eoPkjh d/ ekoB ns/
nzrq/IK Bz[ ;kvhnK fPekfJsK dh g{oh ikDekoh Bk j'D d/ ekoB Bkb j?. fJBQK b'eK B/ fJzrb?Av ftu gquko
tkb/ gk;/ ftP/P fXnkB fdsk. T[BQK B/ nkgDk gZy fsnko ehsk ns/ T[;Bz{ nzrq/I iBsk d/ ;Bw[y oZyD
dk :sB ehsk. fJzvhnB B?PBb eKro; dh fJe fpqfNP ;whsh bzdB ftu pDkJh rJh ns/ T[;B/ Gkosh
wkwfbnK Bkb nzr/qIK Bz{ ntrs eokT[D d/ T[d/P Bkb ‘fJzvhnk’ Bkw dh fJe ;gskfje gZfsqek e~Yh. dkdk
GkJh B"o'ih pko–pko fJjh efjzd/ ;h fe nzrq/I tk;st ftu Gkos dk Gbk ukj[zd/ jB ns/ i/ n;hA e[M T[Zuh
nktkI ftu nkgDh rZb ejhJ/ sK fJj fB;cb BjhA ikJ/rh. ns/ fJj th fBoDk fbZsk frnk fe fJzvhnB
B?PBb eKro; dk nfXt/PB 1892 ftu bzdB u ehsk ikt/ gozs{ 1891 ftu nzrq/Ih u'DK j'DhnK fBPfus
j'JhnK s/ wkwbk Nkb fdsk frnk s/ fco edh BjhA u[fenk frnk.
fJ; ekb ftu eKro; B/ d/P dh ;[szsosk dh wzr BjhA ehsh, e/tb Gkoshn bJh e[M fonk;sK jh wzrhnK.
fJj ;Zu j? fe T[BhAth Pskpdh d/ nzfsw dPe ftu b'ewkfBnk fsbe B/ ;toki Ppd dk gq:'r ehsk.
gozs{ Bk s/ fJj Ppd jh b'efgqn j'fJnk ns/ Bk jh fJ;dk eKro; d/ gq;sktK ftu T[b/y ;h. ;[o/AdoBkE
p?Boih B/ th eKro; d/ 1895 d/ g{Bk nfXt/PB d/ w[yh gd s'A fJjh fejk ;h fe n;hA gqshfBXh ;z;EktK
(representative institutions) BjhA wzrd/ f;oc fJj fe “gVQ/–fby/ b'eK Bz{–i' nkgDh f;fynk–fdfynk
d/ ekoB fJBQK Bz{ ;wMd/ ns/ nB[;ko eoB dh :'rsk oyd/ jB–fJj e[M gfotoss o{g ftu todkB d/
o{g ftu d/ fdsh ikt/.” eKro; dh wzrK, ftXkB gfoPdK dk ft;sko, T[BQK dhnK fInkdk PeshnK
GkoshnK d/ bJh fInkdk gqshfBXhst tkJ/;okJ/ s/ rtoBoK dh ekoiekoBh ftu GkoshnK Bz{ gqshfBXhst,
f;ftb ;/tk (civil service) ftu fInkdk Gosh fJ; bJh Gkos ns/ fJzrb?Av ftu Bkb–Bkb gohfynktK
nkfd–nkfd se jh ;hws ;B. fJj wzrK jhB s'A jhB PpdK ftu ikuBk d/ o{g ftu gq;s[s ehshnK iKdhnK
;B ns/ eKro; e/tb ;ztXkfBe YzrK dk jh gq:'r eodh ;h.
eKro; d/ gqsh nfXekoh–tor dk o[y (civil service)–eKro; d/ fJ; Bow o[y sN;Ek dk ;h. fJ;
GktBk Bkb gq/fos j' e/ vcfoB B/ fJzvhnB B?PBb eKro; ebe~sk nfXt/PB (1886) d/ gqshfBXhnK Bz{
fJe T[fdnkB G'I (garden party) fdsk ;h fi; ftu ;gPN ehsk frnk ;h fe fJj ;~dk–gZso eKro;
d/ gqshfBXhnK Bz{ BjhA ;r'A ebe~sk nkJ/ j'J/ ftfPPm doPeK Bz{ j?. 1887 ftu wdok; d/ rtoB B/ eKro;
d/ shi/ nfXt/PB bJh wdok; ftu ;j{bsK gqdkB ehshnK gozs{ 1887 d/ pknd ;oeko dk o[y em'o jz[dk
frnk. eKro; B/ fJe g[;sek (pamphlet) gqekPs ehsh fi;dk f;ob/y ;h ‘fJe sfwb eKro; gqPB'so
o{gh f;fynk, (A Tamil cogress catechism) fJ; ftu d' ftneshnk d/ ftu gqPB'so d/ o{g ftu
skBkPkjh okigZXsh ns/ nB/nsotk;h G{whgshnK (A Tamil cogress catechism) dh nb'uBk eo T[s/
eKro; dk ;oeko Bkb y[bk fto'X j' frnk. nfXekoh tor B/ ;o ;Jhnd nfjwd yK s/ pBko; d/ okik

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