Page 16 - DHIS204_DHIS205_INDIAN_FREEDOM_STRUGGLE_PUNJABI

Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh
Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh )
Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh
Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh0) )) )
Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh
BØN 2H PkfJd |qK;h;h, v~u ns/ v/B, ftd/Ph ezgBhnK ;[rwsk Bk+ ezgBh dh ;{p/dkoh Bz{ ;theko BjhA
eoDrhnK ns/ ezgBh Bz{ Uj eo nkfd BjhA d/DrhnK iØ Btkp d/ |owkBK nB[;ko UBQK B/ d/D/ j[zd/
;B.
3H ;g~PN okiBhfse ;~sk j~E ft~u b?D Bk+, fJzrb?Av ns/ ftd/Ph ezgBhnK ft~u eVtkjN nk iKdh ns/
PkfJd fJj ;kohnK skesK fJzrb?Av d/ fto[~X fJ~e wØouk yVk eo b?AdhnK fit/A fe 1778^80 ft~u
nwoheh ;[szsosk ;zrokw d/ ;w/A jØfJnk.
4H fJzrb?Av e+ nfij/ gqf;fy~ns nfXekoh th BjhA ;B iØ Pk;B dk Gko ;zGkb b?Ad/. ebkJht B/ fJzrb?Av
Ø
ft~u nfXekohnK Bz{ fJj fbfynk ;h fe i/eo ;kv/ eØ+ fszB r[Dk th gqPk;fBe ;/tk eoD tk+/ bØe jD
Ø
sK th T[j fJ; ezw bJh ek|h BjhA jDr/. i e[M be ezgBh e+ ;B, T[j Gkosh ohsh^fotkIK ns/ GkPk
Ø
Ø
Ø
Ø
sØA nDikD ;B.
5H eØoN U| vkfJo?eNoI U; ;w/A ;ko/ gqd/P Bz{ b? b?D d/ g~y ft~u BjhA ;B.feUAfe fJ; bk+ ezgBh
d/ tgko ft~u o[ektN g?D dh ;zGktBk ;h.T[j bØe gqd/P d/ ;EkB s/ XB ft~u fInkdk o{uh o~yd/ ;B.
6H ebkJht fJj th ;wMdk ;h fe i/eo T[j pzrkb dh okiBhfse ;~sk j~E ft~u b? b?Adk sK PkfJd
nzro/ih ;z;d ezgBh d/ ezw ft~u j;sy/g eoBk P[o{ eo fdzdh.
joh gqDkbh d/ d[PgfoDkwL
d d d d dØjoh gqDkbh d/ d[PgfoDkwLjoh gqDkbh d/ d[PgfoDkwL gqPk;B dh iØ ftt;Ek ebkJht B/ ;Ekfgs ehsh T[j ngwqgkth ns/
joh gqDkbh d/ d[PgfoDkwL
joh gqDkbh d/ d[PgfoDkwL
nfttjkfoe ;h ns/ fJ; B/ pzrkb ft~u ngokiesk ns/ fGzBsk c?bk fd~sh.P[o{ sØA jh fJj n;|b ojh.
(e) gqPk;fBe o[ektNK (Administrative Breakdown): fBikws dh fPfEbsk d/ ekoD d/P dh
(e) gqPk;fBe o[ektNK
(e) gqPk;fBe o[ektNK
(e) gqPk;fBe o[ektNK
(e) gqPk;fBe o[ektNK
ekBz{B ns/ ftt;Ek m~g jØ rJh.fBnkn sK e/tb ftvzpBk wkso oj frnk. Btkp ft~u ekBz{B bkr{ eoD
ns/ fBnkn d/D dh ;wo~Ek BjhA ;h.ezgBh gqPk;B dh fIzw/tkoh Bz{ ;theko BjhA eodh ;h. g/Av{ gqd/PK
ft~u vke{ ;~gPN o{g ft~u x[zwd/ ;B ns/ ;zfBnk;h SkgkwkoK (raiders) d/ ekoD ;oeko e/tb BK^wkso
jh oj rJh ;h.1858 ft~u fpqfNP jkT{I nkc eØwBI ft~u ;o ikoi B/ fejk “w?A fBPu/g{ote fJj efj
;edk jK fe 1765^84 s~e Jh;N fJzvhnk ezgBh sA fInkdk fGqPN, M{mh ns/ p[oh ;oeko ;z;ko d/ fe;/
Ø
th ;G: d/P ft~u BjhA ;h. Ω
(y) y/sh dh popkdhLy/sh dh popkdhL Gkos dk nzB Gzvko pzrkb j[D T[ikV pD u[~fenk ;h.G{wh eo fJ~emk eoD dk
(y) y/sh dh popkdhLy/sh dh popkdhL
(y) y/sh dh popkdhL
(y)
(y)
Gko jo ;kb fInkdk sØA fInkdk pØbh d/D tk+/ Bz{ d/ fd~sk iKdk ;h fi;dh G{wh ft~u ;EkJh o{g Bk+ eØJh
o{uh BjhA ;h/.T[j fInkdk sA fInkdk brkB gqkgs eod/ ;B.pzrkb ft~u fe;kBK s/ G{wh eo fInkdk j[zdk
Ø
;h ns/ T[;dk ;zrqfj eoD ft~u th ;\sh j[zdh ;h.1770 ft~u fJ~e nekb fgnk fi; Bk+ pj[s fInkdk
ikB ns/ wkb dh jkBh jJh.T[; Bz{ t/y e/ ezgBh d/ fJ~e gdkfXekoh B/ fJ; soK fbfynk ;h, n~I iØ
Ø
eo[DkwJh fdqP d/yD Bz[ fwbdk j? T[;dk toDB eoBk wkBth Pesh sØA go/ j?.fJj fBPfus j? fe e[M
gqd/PK ft~u bØeK B/ fwqseK Bz{ ykfJnk j?.Ω
tgko ns/ tkfDi dk ftxNB
tgko ns/ tkfDi dk ftxNB
tgko ns/ tkfDi dk ftxNB
(r) tgko ns/ tkfDi dk ftxNB tgko ns/ tkfDi dk ftxNB (Disruption of Trade and Commerce)L y/sh dh T[gi ft~u
ewh Bk+ tgko ns/ tkfDi s/ th e[gqGkt fgnk. 1717 ft~u pzrkb ft~u nzro/iK Bz{ eo sØA fpBK tgko
eoD dh nkfrnk ;h. fJ; d/ nB[;ko ezgBh d/ ebe~sk ;fEs rtoBo dh nkfrnk Bk+ eJh th wkb fpBK
Ø
fBohyD ns/ p/oØeNØe fJ~Xo UXo ik ;edk ;h. eo ;zpzXh nkfrnk Bk+ ;oeko Bz{ jkBh jØJh ns/ Gkosh
tgko th BPN jØ frnk.
(x) T[d:r ns/ fBg{zBsk dh popkdh
(x) T[d:Ør ns/ fBg{zBsk dh popkdh (Ruination of Industry and Skill): pzrkb d/ e~gVk
(x) T[d:r ns/ fBg{zBsk dh popkdh r ns/ fBg{zBsk dh popkdh
(x) T[d: r ns/ fBg{zBsk dh popkdh
(x) T[d:
T[d:r dh pj[s jkBh jØJh.ezgBh B/ pzrkb d/ o/Pw T[d:Ør Bz[ fBoT[s;kfjs eoD dh eØfPP ehsh feUAfe
Ø
fJ; Bk+ fJzrb?Av d/ o/Pw T[d:r Bz{ jkBh gj[zudh ;h.1769 ft~u ezgBh d/ vkfJo?eNoK B/ nkd/P fd~s/ fe
Ø
e~u/ f;be d/ T[sgkdB Bz{ T[s;kfjs eoØ ns/ o/Pwh e~gVk p[DB Bz{z[ fBoT[s;kfjs eoØ. o/Pw dk Xkrk
bg/ND tkf+nK Bz{ ezgBh bJh ezw eoD bJh wip{o ehsk iKdk ;h.
(v) B?fse gsBL
(v) B?fse gsBL
(v) B?fse gsBL pzrkbh ;wki dk B?fse gsB th P[o{ jØ frnk ;h.fe;kB B/ wfj;{; ehsk fe i/eo T[j
(v) B?fse gsBL
(v) B?fse gsBL
fInkdk T[sgkdB eodk j? sK T[;Bz{ fInkdk eo d/Dk g?Adk j?.fJ; bJh e/tb fJzBk jh T[sgkdB eo fi; Bk+
Ø
e/tb r[Ikok j ;e/.fJ; soK T[j i[bkjk iØ nkgDh fwjBs dk bkG nkg BjhA Gr ;edk ;h,j[D T[~sw eNh dk
Ø
Ø
Ø
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