Page 215 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_PUNJABI

g¤Swh okiBhse ftuko

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ofynk jfJnk eoD bJh rshftXhnK rofvr ƒ n;kfJB BjhA ehsk ;h ns TBKƒ ftneshrs ;y bJh
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TBK d :rdkB d ;doG ftu ;wwfbn T¤s fJbki ehsk. fdbu;g j, rawls, jkbKfe benthamit p/AEw
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Tg:rsktkd, d fJe nkbue pAEw d nkTNbe T¤s Io fdd jJ ;h fe fJE se fe fJe ftnesh i xkj
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d pbv dh frDsh dk nkBd fbnk bkIwh og tbA T;dk Bfse ;Gkn ƒ gok eoD d dnko wBy ;sP ns /
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TsfePNsk ƒ gSkDB ftu ekfJw j.
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Beb eoD bJh T;dh fJSk ftu fBshesk ns ekƒB ftu f;XKsA jmK fBTNB pAEw oyh. nfijk eoe, /
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TBKB poe d dkt rbs ;kps ehsk fe fJe okiBhsh dk ftfrnkB BjhA ehsk ;h ns wid BjhA ;edk j ?
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(vkfJb 1963L 231). Tj Go;k ;h ;y ns dod rfDshJ shtosk, fwnkd, fBPfussk ns ;wK dh BVsk
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iK remoteness dh soK ftuko d ekoeK ftu bD d dnko fwfDnk ik ;edk j fe. nfijh eJh fB:w
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felicific fj;kp fejk iKdk ;h. finkfwsh ftu axioms fj;kp dh dBhnk ftu j d og ftu pAEw Bfse
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dBhnk ftu, fJe jh jkbs jD d og ftu Tg:frsk d f;XKs dh ebgBk ehsh. fJj ;h, feTAfe
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nerfDs, d og ftu hobsvawn dnkok uouk ehsk Td:re eKsh dk wbe ;wroh ;h ns pAEw ns TBK Q
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d nB:kkfJ:A yPh bJh fJ; Bhsh dk TdP ;h. jo nkdwh dh yPh ftnes ehsk ik ;edk j (xN tbA xN
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f;XKs og ftu) d og ftu fJe wksok ns nfijk TBK d dod ;edk j. yPh tbA dod xNk ns BN
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Bshik T;dh yPh ;h. iVB d ;ko goPK d ;y ns dy, xNk ns ;GsA urh ;oeko i ;GsA tvh frDsh
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dh ;GsA tvh yPh ;ofyns ;h. wBysk dk byk fJ;dh vfpN ns eofvN pkeh, tgko d fJ; soK dk
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TsgkdB jdk (hobsvawn 1968L 79).
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Tj goPK ehshnK, i ;Gkn ftu, fJe felicific rfDsdtkok dh yi ehsh ik ;edk j ;GsA tvh yPh d /
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;GsA tvh frDsh d ;XkoD fB:w dnkok fBnsfos eoD bJh f;ykfJnk j. fJ; geko, Tj fe; pkjoh
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wkDe, rfDshJ frDsh bkfJe, fi;d sfjs ;Ekgs eoD dh wr dh ftXkfJe dh TgbpXh ƒ fwDB d /
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bJh. TBK dk fttkd ;h fe Tj fJe rb j wi dk BjhA iK Bkwkbw goTgeko dk, bfeB dbhba
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(bronowski ns mazlish 1960L 431) d ftXkJh ;Xko ehsk ;h.
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wi dh rb j, tkfenKP 1776 ftu gfjbh tko bJh fJ;swkb ehsk, ns tko^tko pAEw d Bkb ifVnk dh
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;GsA tvh yPh ;GsA tvh frDsh nrb 40 ;kbK bJh gBL BjhA Ikjo ehsk ;h. jkbKfe Tj tkfenKP dk
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yi BjhA ehsk ;h, Tj fBo;dj fJ;dh ;GsA urh populaarizer ;h. Po ftu, Tj tkfenKP ;ko dh ;GsA '
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tvh yPh, dk fJ;swkb ehsk i Tj Sv fdsk, bJh fJj ;Mkn fdsk j dp fjsK tbA eM d;ohnK d TBK Q
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eoD bJh rJh j ;edk j fe. fJj th goD fe pjws dh yPh fe ;ko dh njfwns ;h. ieo fJe
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ftnesh dh ghvak tbA eJh ;AuhnK yPh tbA th finkdk tbA finkdk ;h, fe wBD:r BjhA ;h. fJ;bJh,
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TBKB ;GsA tvh yPh ;GsA tvh frDsh d Bkb, tkfenKP gsh;Ekfgs fJ;ƒ iVK she ;XkoK bJh T;dh
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Xow:X ftu 1820 ftu finkdk tbA finkdk nktsh d Bkb dk tos eo. pAEw ;gPN fejk ;h fe
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nkdwhnK d pknd tbA wsGd pjs EVk TBK dh ;woEk ftu dod ns yPh dk nBGt eoD d bJh, Tj
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;wkB og tbA fJe soK Bkb j fe TBK d ;y fBns ;pX ns fXnkB fdsk ;h ftu fJbki ehsk ik eoD
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bJh ;h. tk;st ftu, pAEw Ppd Tg:rsktkdh d pko ftu yP BjhA ;h, bfeB fJj fe; th jo
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ftebfge ns goGkth Ppd bJh eoDk ukjd j dk tos eoD bJh ikoh ofynk. EVh do d bJh, T;B /
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;funk fe eudaimonologist iK felicist dk tos eo d.
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